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Management of organic soils to reduce soil organic carbon losses
Organic soils of intact peatlands store 1/4 of the global soil organic carbon (SOC). Despite being an important source of methane (CH4), they are climate coolers because they continuously accumulate new organic carbon. However, when these organic…
Noise Control
This book describes advances in the field of noise control. It includes six chapters that discuss different control techniques, EVAC systems, the effects of the pandemic on environmental noise, and more. Chapters present different situations and case…
Exploring Animal Behavior Through Sound: Volume 1 : Methods
This open-access book empowers its readers to explore the acoustic world of animals. By listening to the sounds of nature, we can study animal behavior, distribution, and demographics; their habitat characteristics and needs; and the effects of…
Denoising : New Insights
Denoising - New Insights provides a comprehensive overview of signal and image denoising techniques. It also examines and compares the performance of several innovative denoising approaches involving the use of mathematical tools such as wavelets,…
Aviation Noise Impact Management :
Technologies, Regulations, and Societal Well-being in Europe
This open access book provides a view into the state-of-the-art research on aviation noise and related annoyance. The book will primarily focus on the achievements of the ANIMA project (Aviation Noise Impact Management through Novel Approaches), but…
Genetics, Agriculture, and Biotechnology
This textbook provides an introduction to plant genetics and biotechnology for the advancement of agriculture. A clear and structured introduction to the topic for learners new to the field of genetics, the book includes: an introduction to the life…
Chromosomes, Genes, and Traits: An Introduction to Genetics
This resource is written for an introductory or intermediate-level college genetics course. The work begins with an exploration of DNA and genome structure, including landmark experiments that contributed to our early understanding of the…
Direct Energy
Direct Energy Conversion discusses both the physics behind energy conversion processes and a wide variety of energy conversion devices. A direct energy conversion process converts one form of energy to another through a single process. The first half…
The Data Renaissance: Analyzing the Disciplinary Effects of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, and Beyond
The Data Renaissance delves into the complexities of data's role in various industries and its broader impact on society. It highlights the challenges in investigating data practices, citing examples like TikTok, where algorithms and data handling…
Plant Breeding Methods
This text has been compiled to provide an overview of how plant breeders develop cultivars of plant species. The methods that breeders use depend directly on the type of cultivar used to produce a commercial crop. The four most common types of…
Patterns of Inclusion : How Gender Matters for Automation, Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work
It is widely presumed that digitalisation, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) shape the future of work; yet, gender is rarely considered in those debates. This ground-breaking book, written by a leading thinker on gender, inclusion and…
Biodiversity - Handbook of the Anthropocene in Latin America II
Biodiversity should not be understood in biological terms only and as a thing apart from society, but rather as biocultural diversity present in the social world and in various cultures. Such a perspective might allow to relieve social conflicts as…
Testing theory: an introduction
These lecture notes are a follow up on Adjustment theory. Adjustment theory deals with the optimal combination of redundant measurements together with the estimation of unknown parameters. There are two main reasons for performing redundant…
Testing theory: an introduction
These lecture notes are a follow up on Adjustment theory. Adjustment theory deals with the optimal combination of redundant measurements together with the estimation of unknown parameters. There are two main reasons for performing redundant…
From theORy to application: learning to optimize with Operations Research in an interactive way
This book serves as a comprehensive roadmap for navigating the realm of Operations Research (OR). From laying down fundamental mathematical principles to crafting precise modeling techniques and their solution methods, it culminates in a panoramic…
Adjustment theory: an introduction
Adjustment theory can be regarded as the part of mathematical geodesy that deals with the optimal combination of redundant measurements together with the estimation of unknown parameters. It is essential for a geodesist, its meaning comparable to…
Advanced Technologies for Protein Complex Production and Characterization
This edited volume discusses the identification, discovery, characterization, structure determination and modeling of multicomponent macromolecular complexes, and as such, it fully complements the first volume (ISBN 978-3-319-27214-6), which targeted…
Advanced Mathematical Science for Mobility Society
This open access book presents the mathematical methods for huge data and network analysis. The automotive industry has made steady progress in technological innovations under the names of Connected Autonomous-Shared-Electric (CASE) and Mobility as a…
A Roadmap for Plant Genome Editing
This open access book is an update of genome editing techniques applied to a range of plants. We discuss the latest techniques and applications to cereals, roots and tubers, oilseed crops, fruit and forest trees, vegetables, legumes and algae…
A Natural History of the Emirates
For many people, thoughts of the United Arab Emirates conjure images of ultramodern skyscrapers and rolling sand dunes. However, the Emirates are a rich mosaic of ecosystems and habitats that support surprisingly diverse communities of organisms, and…
3 Degrees More :
The Impending Hot Season and How Nature Can Help Us Prevent It
This open access book describes in detail what life on this planet would be like if its average surface temperature were to rise 3 degrees Celsius above the preindustrial level. On this basis, the book argues that it is imperative to keep this…
Nutrition for Nurses
Nutrition for Nurses is structured to support the flexible integration of nutrition content across both system-based and nursing competency-based curricula. It can be used whether nutrition is taught as a standalone course or part of another nursing…
A Roadmap for Plant Genome Editing
This open access book is an update of genome editing techniques applied to a range of plants. We discuss the latest techniques and applications to cereals, roots and tubers, oilseed crops, fruit and forest trees, vegetables, legumes and algae…
Big Data for Epidemiology: Applied Data Analysis Using National Health Surveys
National data sets provide an avenue for students to practice data analytic skills while also answering meaningful research questions. This open education resource was developed to train future public health professionals how to conduct secondary…
Mathematics for Biomedical Physics
Mathematics for Biomedical Physics is an open access peer-reviewed textbook geared to introduce several mathematical topics at the rudimentary level so that students can appreciate the applications of mathematics to the interdisciplinary field of…
Data Analysis in the Psychological Sciences: A Practical, Applied, Multimedia Approach
This open resources textbook contains 10 Units that describe and explain the main concepts in statistical analysis of psychological data. In addition to conceptual descriptions and explanations of the basic analyses for descriptive statistics, this…
Crop Adaptation and Improvement for Drought-Prone Environments
This book focuses on three important elements in the development of cereal and legume crops in semi-arid West Africa. The first section illustrates the socioeconomic factors that affect the food system for these crops and contains an overview of crop…
Microbiology for Earth Scientists
Microorganisms are the most abundant form of life on Earth and in recent decades it has become increasingly clear that their collective activities are one of the dominant forces shaping the Earth.
This book provides earth scientists with an…
This book provides earth scientists with an…
Fundamentals of Cell Biology
This textbook is focused specifically on the principles and concepts of a foundational Cell Biology course. The book takes a more conceptual approach that highlights how scientists study cells, and how to analyze and interpret experimental results.…
Counting Rocks! An Introduction to Combinatorics
This textbook, Counting Rocks!, is the written component of an interactive introduction to combinatorics at the undergradaute level. Throughout the text, we link to videos where we describe the material and provide examples; see the Youtube playlist…
A Natural History of the Emirates
For many people, thoughts of the United Arab Emirates conjure images of ultramodern skyscrapers and rolling sand dunes. However, the Emirates are a rich mosaic of ecosystems and habitats that support surprisingly diverse communities of organisms, and…
3D Recording and Interpretation for Maritime Archaeology
This open access peer-reviewed volume was inspired by the UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology International Workshop held at Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia in November 2016. Content is based on, but not limited to, the work…
Communicating Climate Change
Environmental educators face a formidable challenge when they approach climate change due to the complexity of the science and of the political and cultural contexts in which people live. There is a clear consensus among climate scientists that…
Introduction to Probability
This is an introduction to probability theory, designed for self-study. It covers the same topics as the one-semester introductory courses which I taught at the University of Minnesota, with some extra discussion for reading on your own. The reasons…
Quantitative Methods for
Plant Breeding
This open textbook covers common statistics used in agriculture research, including experimental design in plant breeding and genetics, as well as the analysis of variance, regression, and correlation.
Cultivar Development
This open textbook places emphasis on the design of a process pipeline for continuous development of new improved cultivars as a means to implement the cycle of crop improvement. Essential topics in New Line Development and New Line Evaluation are…
Classical Numerical Methods in Scientific Computing
Partial differential equations are paramount in mathematical modelling with applications in engineering and science. The book starts with a crash course on partial differential equations in order to familiarize the reader with fundamental properties…
Numerical Methods in Scientific Computing
This is a book about numerically solving partial differential equations occurring in technical and physical contexts and the authors have set themselves a more ambitious target than to just talk about the numerics. Their aim is to show the place of…
Chemistry Techniques and Explorations: An Introductory Chemistry Laboratory Manual - First Edition
Chemistry Techniques and Explorations (2023) by Dr. Daniel R. Albert is an eTextbook laboratory manual for first semester introductory chemistry courses. The manual includes two different types of experiments (Technique and Exploration) designed to…
Laboratory Manual: General Chemistry I Honors - First Edition
General Chemistry I Honors Laboratory Manual (2023) is an eTextbook designed to provide a practical, hands-on approach to learning chemistry for students taking General Chemistry I Honors courses. The manual covers fundamental principles of…
An Invitation to Statistics in Wasserstein Space
This open access book presents the key aspects of statistics in Wasserstein spaces, i.e. statistics in the space of probability measures when endowed with the geometry of optimal transportation. Further to reviewing state-of-the-art aspects, it also…
5th Symposium on Terrestrial Gravimetry: Static and Mobile Measurements (TG-SMM 2019)
This open access volume contains the proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Terrestrial Gravimetry: Static and Mobile Measurements (TG-SMM2019) held in St. Petersburg, Russia, October 1 – 4, 2019. The symposium was hosted by the State Research Center of…
Introducing Mathematical Biology
Mathematical modelling plays an increasingly important role in almost any area of life sciences, and this interactive textbook focuses on the areas of population ecology, infectious diseases, immunology and cell dynamics, gene networks and…
Crop Improvement
This textbook covers basic principles in the genetic improvement of crop plants. Emphasis is placed on methods of cultivar development in self-pollinating, cross-pollinating, and asexually propagating crops. Relevant examples of crop improvement…
Crop Improvement
This textbook covers basic principles in the genetic improvement of crop plants. Emphasis is placed on methods of cultivar development in self-pollinating, cross-pollinating, and asexually propagating crops. Relevant examples of crop improvement…
Climate Justice in Your Classroom
As the inequitable impacts of climate change become more evident and destructive, it is essential for climate and environmental justice, as well as methods of civic engagement, to be taught at a high-level to college-level students. This book…
Analysis of Reaction-Diffusion Models with the Taxis Mechanism
This open access book deals with a rich variety of taxis-type cross-diffusive equations. Particularly, it intends to show the key role played by quasi-energy inequality in the derivation of some necessary a priori estimates. This book addresses…
African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation
This open access book discusses current thinking and presents the main issues and challenges associated with climate change in Africa. It introduces evidences from studies and projects which show how climate change adaptation is being - and may…
Fish, Fishing, and Conservation
Fish, Fishing, and Conservation is a 389-page, peer-reviewed open textbook intended for undergraduate students who are exploring majors in Fish & Wildlife. It is also relevant to a general audience or for use in courses which explore social and…
Algorithms for Sparse Linear Systems
Large sparse linear systems of equations are ubiquitous in science, engineering and beyond. This open access monograph focuses on factorization algorithms for solving such systems. It presents classical techniques for complete factorizations that are…
A Practical Guide to Atmospheric Simulation Chambers
This open access title presents atmospheric simulation chambers as effective tools for atmospheric chemistry research. State-of-the-art simulation chambers provide unprecedented opportunities for atmospheric scientists to perform experiments that…
14th International Congress for Applied Mineralogy (ICAM2019)
This open access proceedings of the 14th International Council for Applied Mineralogy Congress (ICAM) in Belgorod, Russia cover a wide range of topics including applied mineralogy, advanced and construction materials, ore and industrial minerals,…
Threshold Concepts in Biochemistry
Biochemistry (and Molecular Biology) represent one of the fastest-growing fields of scientific research and technical innovation and the resulting biotechnology is increasingly applied to other fields of study. So, an understanding of Biochemistry is…
Introduction to Systems Biology: Workbook for Flipped-Classroom Teaching
This book is an introduction to the language of systems biology, which is spoken among many disciplines, from biology to engineering. Authors Thomas Sauter and Marco Albrecht draw on a multidisciplinary background and evidence-based learning to…
Introduction to Biological Psychology
An open access textbook designed primarily for use by first and second year undergraduate students of British Psychological Society accredited Psychology degree courses in the UK.
Earth, Space, and Environmental Science Explorations with ArcGIS Pro - Second Edition
When I first started teaching Geographic Information Systems (GIS) over 15 years ago, there were only a handful of GIS tutorial books on the market. While a few of them focused on a particular theme, many of them were mainly technical publications…
Case Studies in Systems Chemistry
This publication was produced as a teaching tool for college chemistry.The book is a text for a computer-based unit on the chemistry of acid-base titrations, and is designed for use with FORTRAN or BASIC.computer systems, and with a programmable…
Calculus in Context - 2008 Edition
We believe that calculus can be for students what it was for Euler and the Bernoullis: a language and a tool for exploring the whole fabric of science. We also believe that much of the mathematical depth and vitality of calculus lies in connections…
Sports Nutrition Laboratory Manual
This lab manual is designed for the upper division and graduate sports nutrition courses, covering, supporting, and reinforcing fundamental nutritional concepts. This manual provides hands-on experience that will help strengthen student’s knowledge…
Advanced Algebra v. 1.0
Intermediate Algebra is the second part of a two-part course in Algebra. Written in a clear and concise manner, it carefully builds on the basics learned in Elementary Algebra and introduces the more advanced topics required for further study of…
Advances in Assessment and Modeling of Earthquake Loss
This open access book originates from an international workshop organized by Turkish Natural Catastrophe Insurance Pool (TCIP) in November 2019 that gathered renown researchers from academia, representatives of leading international reinsurance and…
Addressing the Climate Crisis
This open access book brings together a collection of cutting-edge insights into how action can and is already being taken against climate change at multiple levels of our societies, amidst growing calls for transformative and inclusive climate…
Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals
This open access book is designed as a continuation of the editor’s 2019 book Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals. This volume provides an in-depth analysis of industry sectors globally, and its purpose is to present emission reduction…
Control Problems for Conservation Laws with Traffic Applications
Conservation and balance laws on networks have been the subject of much research interest given their wide range of applications to real-world processes, particularly traffic flow. This open access monograph is the first to investigate different…
The Application of Ant Colony Optimization
The application of advanced analytics in science and technology is rapidly expanding, and developing optimization technics is critical to this expansion. Instead of relying on dated procedures, researchers can reap greater rewards by utilizing…
Sublinear Computation Paradigm
This open access book gives an overview of cutting-edge work on a new paradigm called the “sublinear computation paradigm,” which was proposed in the large multiyear academic research project “Foundations of Innovative Algorithms for Big Data.” That…
Matching minors in bipartite graphs
In this thesis we adapt fundamental parts of the Graph Minors series of Robertson and Seymour for the study of matching minors and investigate a connection to the study of directed graphs. We develope matching theoretic to established results of…
International Symposium on Mathematics, Quantum Theory, and Cryptography
This open access book presents selected papers from International Symposium on Mathematics, Quantum Theory, and Cryptography (MQC), which was held on September 25-27, 2019 in Fukuoka, Japan. The international symposium MQC addresses the mathematics…
Integrating Data Science and Earth Science
This open access book presents the results of three years collaboration between earth scientists and data scientist, in developing and applying data science methods for scientific discovery. The book will be highly beneficial for other researchers at…
Values and Valuing in Mathematics Education
This engaging open access book discusses how a values and valuing perspective can facilitate a more effective mathematics pedagogical experience, and allows readers to explore multiple applications of the values perspective across different education…
Boundary Value Problems, Weyl Functions, and Differential Operators
This open access book presents a comprehensive survey of modern operator techniques for boundary value problems and spectral theory, employing abstract boundary mappings and Weyl functions. It includes self-contained treatments of the extension…
Service Design Capabilities
This open access book discusses service design capabilities in innovation processes, and provides a framework that guides design students, practitioners and researchers towards a better understanding of operational aspects of service design…
Advances in Assessment and Modeling of Earthquake Loss
This open access book originates from an international workshop organized by Turkish Natural Catastrophe Insurance Pool (TCIP) in November 2019 that gathered renown researchers from academia, representatives of leading international reinsurance and…
Addressing the Climate Crisis
This open access book brings together a collection of cutting-edge insights into how action can and is already being taken against climate change at multiple levels of our societies, amidst growing calls for transformative and inclusive climate…
A Visual Atlas for Soil Micromorphologists
This open access atlas is an up-to-date visual resource on the features and structures observed in soil thin sections, i.e. soil micromorphology. The book addresses the growing interest in soil micromorphology in the fields of soil science, earth…
The Science of Plants
An approachable guide to the fundamentals of plant science. Created for horticulture students, gardeners, science teachers, and anyone interested in understanding plants and how they grow. This is the required text for HORT 1001/6001 Plant…
How To Do Science - Revised Edition
How To Do Science' has been written for students of the life sciences who are actively engaged in the scientific process. This guide introduces you to what it means to be a scientist. You will learn about the scientific method and how to carry out…
Geology Online Lab Activities: An Open Educational Resource for Community College Students and Instructors
The online geology lab for community college students was developed by Dr. Rondi Davies, a faculty member at Queensborough Community College, City University New York, during two years of forced online synchronous learning brought on by the COVID-19…
Mathematics Methods for Early Childhood
Welcome to Early Childhood Mathematics! This course satisfies the Early Childhood Unified requirements in the state of Kansas for a teaching license Birth to Grade 3.
Most people agree that early childhood includes the period from infancy until…
Most people agree that early childhood includes the period from infancy until…
Organic Chemistry I
An open textbook that is suitable for the first semester of Organic Chemistry. Basic concepts of the structures and reactivities of organic molecules are covered in this open textbook. Besides the fundamental discussions of organic acids-bases,…
Introduction to Statistical Thinking
The target audience for this book is college students who are required to learn statistics, students with little background in mathematics and often no motivation to learn more. It is assumed that the students do have basic skills in using computers…
Elementary Earth and Space Science Methods
this book to help you as both a college student and a future teacher. Dr. Ted Neal asked us to help him create this resource from the perspective of students who have taken Science Methods II–what would we want in a textbook for this course? With…
Elementary Calculus
This textbook covers calculus of a single variable, suitable for a year-long (or two-semester) course. Chapters 1-5 cover Calculus I, while Chapters 6-9 cover Calculus II. The book is designed for students who have completed courses in high-school…
Cell Biology, Genetics, and Biochemistry for Pre-Clinical Students
Cell Biology, Genetics, and Biochemistry for Pre-Clinical Students is an undergraduate medical-level resource for foundational knowledge across the disciplines of genetics, cell biology and biochemistry. This USMLE-aligned text is designed for a…
Radiation Safety
The purpose of this OER is to provide students with a comprehensive textbook aligned with the NDT 130 (Radiographic Testing) course as taught at Linn-Benton Community College.
Radiation Safety
The purpose of this OER is to provide students with a comprehensive textbook aligned with the NDT 130 (Radiographic Testing) course as taught at Linn-Benton Community College.
Negotiating Climate Change in Crisis
Climate change negotiations have failed the world. Despite more than thirty years of high-level, global talks on climate change, we are still seeing carbon emissions rise dramatically. This edited volume, comprising leading and emerging scholars and…
Technical Mathematics
This developmental-level mathematics textbook is intended for career-technical students. It was made possible by a grant from Open Oregon Educational Resources, which supports the development and implementation of high-quality materials at low or no…
Bio-Inspired Sensory Systems
Using natural sensory system concepts to develop and improve sensory systems will continue to thrive for many years to come. Technology advances rapidly (Moore’s Law) as does our understanding of biological principles and designs. These trends fuel…
Future Energy: Opportunities & Challenges
How can we produce enough sustainable energy while avoiding unacceptable environmental consequences? To evaluate the various energy options, we must understand the science of each potential energy source and energy use technology. This book presents…
Coastal Dynamics
Coastal Dynamics focuses on the interrelation between physical wave, flow and sediment transport phenomena and the resulting morphodynamics of a wide variety of coastal systems. The textbook is unique in that it explicitly connects the dynamics of…
From Growing to Biology: Plants 1e
Ready to find out how plants are grown and function? Take a fantastic voyage through plants. From Growing to Biology: Plants 1e brings the latest information for understanding of traditional and modern plant growing, form, and production. Topics…
Mostly Harmless Statistics
This text is for an introductory level probability and statistics course with an intermediate algebra prerequisite. The focus of the text follows the American Statistical Association’s Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education…
Teaching Math for Emergent Bilinguals: Building on Culture, Language, and Identity
This book is designed for pre-service/in-service teachers and others who will work or work with K–12 students who have linguistically and culturally diverse backgrounds, especially students of other languages (English language learners/Emergent…
Informal Calculus with Applications to Biological and Environmental Sciences
This book is an approachable introduction to calculus with applications to biology and environmental science. For example, one application in the book is determining the volume of earth moved in the 1959 earthquake that created Quake Lake. Another…
Optimal, Integral, Likely Optimization, Integral Calculus, and Probability for Students of Commerce and the Social Sciences
Optimal, Integral, Likely is a free, open-source textbook intended for UBC’s course MATH 105: Integral Calculus with Applications to Commerce and Social Sciences. It is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0…
Marine Ecology Notes
This books is a general introduction to Marine Ecology, accompanying a lecture and excursion. It targets students without prior knowledge of the subject. The content is taken largely from Wikipedia, but curated and augmented by the authors.
An Interactive Introduction to Organismal and Molecular Biology
This "textbook" is interactive, meaning that although each chapter has text, they also have interactive HTML5 content, such as quizzes, simulations, interactive videos, and images with clickable hotspots. Students receive instant feedback when they…
Bioethics Across the Globe
This open access book addresses a variety of issues relating to bioethics, in order to initiate cross-cultural dialogue. Beginning with the history, it introduces various views on bioethics, based on specific experiences from Japan. It describes how…
Biodiversity of Angola
This open access multi-authored book presents a 'state of the science' synthesis of knowledge on the biodiversity of Angola, based on sources in peer-reviewed journals, in books and where appropriate, unpublished official reports. The book identifies…
Biodiversity and Health in the Face of Climate Change
This open access book identifies and discusses biodiversity’s contribution to physical, mental and spiritual health and wellbeing. Furthermore, the book identifies the implications of this relationship for nature conservation, public health,…
The Behavioral Ecology of the Tibetan Macaque
This open access book summarizes the multi-disciplinary results of one of China’s main primatological research projects on the endemic Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana), which had continued for over 30 years, but which had never been reported on…
The Beauty of Geology: Art of Geology Mapping in China Over a Century
This open access book contains a collection of rare geologic maps and figures made by Chinese geologists in the last century. Preserved in National Geological Archives of China, these artworks demonstrate the development and innovation of geological…
Austenitic TRIP/TWIP Steels and Steel-Zirconia Composites
This open access book presents a collection of the most up-to-date research results in the field of steel development with a focus on pioneering alloy concepts that result in previously unattainable materials properties. Specifically, it gives a…
International Cooperation for Enhancing Nuclear Safety, Security, Safeguards and Non-proliferation–60 Years of IAEA and EURATOM: Proceedings of the XX Edoardo Amaldi Conference, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, Italy, October 9-10, 2017
This open access book examines key aspects of international cooperation to enhance nuclear safety, security, safeguards, and non-proliferation, thereby assisting in development and maintenance of the verification regime and fostering progress toward…
Alternatives to Animal Testing
This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the…
Agroecological Transitions: From Theory to Practice in Local Participatory Design
This Open Access book presents feedback from the ‘Territorial Agroecological Transition in Action’- TATA-BOX research project, which was devoted to these specific issues. The multidisciplinary and multi-organisation research team steered a four-year…
Community Resilience to Climate Change: Theory, Research and Practice
This reader is an Open Educational Resource, meant to accompany a graduate or higher-level undergraduate university course in climate change resilience, adaptation, and/or planning. While the material is geared toward students in urban and regional…
Statistics Hight School
This Statistics resource was developed under the guidance and support of experienced high school teachers and subject matter experts. It is presented here in multiple formats: PDF, online, and low-cost print. Statistics offers instruction in…
Geological Structures: a Practical Introduction
This manual is about structures that occur within the Earth’s crust. Structures are the features that allow geologists to figure out how parts of the Earth have changed position, orientation, size and shape over time. This work requires careful…
A Primer for Computational Biology
A Primer for Computational Biology aims to provide life scientists and students the skills necessary for research in a data-rich world. The text covers accessing and using remote servers via the command-line, writing programs and pipelines for data…
Transition to Higher Mathematics: Structure and Proof - Second Edition
This book is written for students who have taken calculus and want to learn what “real mathematics" is. We hope you will find the material engaging and interesting, and that you will be encouraged to learn more advanced mathematics. This is the…
Transition to Higher Mathematics: Structure and Proof - Second Edition
This book is written for students who have taken calculus and want to learn what “real mathematics" is. We hope you will find the material engaging and interesting, and that you will be encouraged to learn more advanced mathematics. This is the…
General Microbiology - 1st Edition
Welcome to the wonderful world of microbiology! Yay! So. What is microbiology? If we break the word down it translates to “the study of small life,” where the small life refers to microorganisms or microbes. But who are the microbes? And how small…
Permaculture Design: Tools for Climate Resilience
Climate is also where we begin the design process in another tool referenced in the Permaculture design system. This is the Scale of Landscape Permanence, originated by P.A.Yeomans, the founder of Keyline™ Design. Yeomans asserts that the order of…
General Microbiology - 1st Edition
Welcome to the wonderful world of microbiology! Yay! So. What is microbiology? If we break the word down it translates to “the study of small life,” where the small life refers to microorganisms or microbes. But who are the microbes? And how small…
Two-Dimensional Electronics and Optoelectronics
The discovery of monolayer graphene led to a Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded in 2010. This has stimulated further research on a wide variety of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials. The coupling of metallic graphene, semiconducting 2D…
Turbulence: Numerical Analysis, Modelling and Simulation
The problem of accurate and reliable simulation of turbulent flows is a central and intractable challenge that crosses disciplinary boundaries. As the needs for accuracy increase and the applications expand beyond flows where extensive data is…
Tropical Forest Ecology and Management for the Anthropocene
This Special Issue looks forward as well as backward to best analyze the forest conservation challenges of the Caribbean. This is made possible by 75 years of research and applications by the United States Department of Agriculture, International…
Trends in Microextraction Techniques for Sample Preparation
Micro-extraction techniques in sample preparation are gaining interest among analytical chemists as they comply with green analytical chemistry demands and ensure environmental protection and public safety. Savings in cost and time are considered as…
Transcultural Literary Studies: Politics, Theory, and Literary Analysis
Witnessing the rise of nationalism, nativism, and xenophobia in many countries, theories of transculturalism arose, in part, out of the concern that multi- and intercultural identity models have not set themselves sufficiently apart from their own…
Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis
Although the seminal work of Fujishima et al. dates back to 1971, TiO2 still remains the most diffused and studied semiconductor, employed in photo-oxidation processes for cleantech (i.e., polluted water and air treatment), in solar fuel production…
Thermophiles and Thermozymes
Interest in the study of life in hot environments, both with respect to the inhabiting microorganisms and the enzymes they produce, is currently very high. The biological mechanisms responsible for the resistance to high temperatures are not yet…
Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics of Small Systems
A challenging frontier in modern statistical physics concerns systems with a small number of degrees of freedom, far from the thermodynamic limit. Beyond the general interest in the foundation of statistical mechanics, the relevance of this subject…
Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Structural Lightweight Alloys
The need to reduce the ecological footprint of water/land/air vehicles in this era of climate change requires pushing the limits regarding the development of lightweight structures and materials. This requires a thorough understanding of their…
Tea in Health and Disease
Tea, made from the leaves of the Camellia senenisis plant, is the second most consumed beverage worldwide after water. Accumulating evidence from cellular, animal, epidemiological and clinical studies have linked tea consumption to various health…
Synthetic DNA and RNA Programming
Dear Colleagues, Synthetic biology is a broad and emerging discipline that capitalizes on recent advances in molecular biology, genetics, protein and RNA engineering and omics technologies. These technologies have transformed our ability to reveal…
Synthesis and Applications of New Spin Crossover Compounds
The crystal chemistry of spin crossover (SCO) behavior in coordination compounds can potentially be in association with smart materials—promising materials for applications as components of memory devices, displays, sensors and mechanical devices…
Symmetry in Quantum Optics Models
Prototypical quantum optics models, such as the Jaynes–Cummings, Rabi, Tavis–Cummings, and Dicke models, are commonly analyzed with diverse techniques, including analytical exact solutions, mean-field theory, exact diagonalization, and so on.…
Symmetry in Graph Theory
This book contains the successful invited submissions to a Special Issue of Symmetry on the subject of ""Graph Theory"". Although symmetry has always played an important role in Graph Theory, in recent years, this role has increased significantly in…
Sustainability through the Lens of Environmental Sociology
Our planet is undergoing radical environmental and social changes. Sustainability has now been put into question by, for example, our consumption patterns, loss of biodiversity, depletion of resources, and exploitative power relations. With apparent…
Surface Modification to Improve Properties of Materials
This book contains selected contributions on surface modification to improve the properties of solid materials. The surface properties are tailored either by functionalization, etching, or deposition of a thin coating. Functionalization is achieved…
Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
The present printed edition of the Special Issue “Surface Chemistry and Catalysis” published in Catalysts aims to cover some of the recent advances in the field of heterogeneous catalysis that can be obtained by means of advanced characterization…
Structure, Chemical Analysis, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Molecular Engineering and Biological Functions of Phytoalexins
Ever since the concept of phytoalexins was proposed by Müller and Borger in 1940, these compounds have attracted considerable attention due to the central role they play in the defense mechanisms of various plants. Besides displaying antifungal…
Structural Design and Properties of Coordination Polymers
The assembly of organic ligands and metal centres yields coordination polymers, many of which find applications in conductivity, catalysis, magnetism, gas sorption, biological sensing and luminescence. The structure and topology of coordination…
Structural Control of Mineral Deposits. Theory and Reality
Structural Control"" remains a crucial point that frequently lacks in any scientific and/or economic analysis of ore deposits, whatever their type and class. The case of lode deposits is exemplary, although also other deposits, like breccia pipe,…
Stochastic Processes: Theory and Applications
The aim of this special issue is to publish original research papers that cover recent advances in the theory and application of stochastic processes. There is especial focus on applications of stochastic processes as models of dynamic phenomena in…
Statistical Analysis and Stochastic Modelling of Hydrological Extremes
Hydrological extremes have become a major concern because of their devastating consequences and their increased risk as a result of climate change and the growing concentration of people and infrastructure in high-risk zones. The analysis of…
Special Functions: Fractional Calculus and the Pathway for Entropy
This book deals with the connection between entropy, probability, and fractional dynamics as they appeared, for example, in solar neutrino astrophysics since the 1970's (Mathai and Rathie 1975, Mathai and Pederzoli 1977, Mathai and Saxena 1978,…
Solid State Lasers Materials, Technologies and Applications
Solid-state lasers offer unique qualities in terms of flexibility, robustness, efficiency, and wavelength diversity. For these reasons, they are nowadays irreplaceable tools in many scientific and industrial applications. The engineering of new…
Solar Radiation, Modelling and Remote Sensing
Accurate solar radiation knowledge and its characterization on the Earth’s surface are of high interest in many aspects of environmental and engineering sciences. Modeling of solar irradiance from satellite imagery has become the most widely used…
Sol-Gel Chemistry Applied to Materials Science
Sol–gel technology is a contemporary advancement in science that requires taking a multidisciplinary approach with regard to its various applications. This book highlights some applications of the sol–gel technology, including protective coatings,…
Smart and Functional Polymers
Smart and Functional Polymers”. The collected research and review articles focus on the synthesis and characterization of advanced functional polymers, polymers with specific structures and performances, current improvements in advanced polymer-based…
Sharing Cities Shaping Cities
The sharing economy and collaborative consumption are attracting a great deal of interest due to their business, legal and civic implications. The consequences of the spreading of practices of sharing in urban environments and under daily dynamics…
Sediment Transport in Coastal Waters
The interface of 440,000 km long coastline in the world is subject to global change, with an increasing human pressure (land use, buildings, sand mining, dredging) and increasing population. Improving our knowledge on involved mechanisms and sediment…
Sea Surface Roughness Observed by High Resolution Radar
Changes in sea surface roughness are usually associated with a change in the sea surface wind field. This interaction has been exploited to measure sea surface wind speed by scatterometry. A number of features on the sea surface associated with…
Satellite Altimetry for Earth Sciences
Satellite altimetry is a radar technique for measuring the topography of the Earth’s surface. It was initially designed for measuring the ocean’s topography, with reference to an ellipsoid, and for the determination of the marine geoid. Satellite…
Safety and Microbiological Quality
The safety and microbiological quality of fermented foods covers complementary aspects of such products. Food fermentation is primary intended to improve food preservation, thereby modifying food properties. However, the management of chemical and…
The Role of Pregnancy Nutrition in Maternal and Offspring Health
In pregnancy, maternal nutrition sustains and nourishes the developing child. Imbalances in either the direction of nutritional excess or deficiency can have adverse consequences for child health. In addition, more research now suggests that good…
Polyhedral Structures, Symmetry, and Applications
Symmetry is an intriguing phenomenon manifesting itself in art, nature, and the mind. This Special Issue book features 19 articles about discrete geometric and combinatorial polyhedral structures, with symmetry as the unifying theme. These articles…
Plasma Nanoengineering and Nanofabrication
With the recent advances in nanotechnology, plasma nanofabrication has become an exciting new niche because plasma-based approaches can deliver unique structures at the nanoscale that cannot be achieved by other techniques and/or in a more economical…
Plant Genetics and Biotechnology in Biodiversity
Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) have been collected and exchanged for centuries. The rapid development of novel tools for genetic and phenotypic analysis is changing the way we can uncover diversity and exploit its value in…
Plant Extracts in Skin Care Products
Currently, in the cosmetic industry, there is an increasing interest in natural extracts, particularly plant extracts. The inclusion of antioxidants in topical formulations may contribute to minimize skin oxidative stress, which has been associated…
Nutrition, Health and Athletic Performance
Optimal nutrition is fundamental for enhancing training, recovery and performance in sport. Therefore, research has aimed to determine the efficacy of appropriate intake of nutrients, fluids, and supplements and their role in exercise performance.…
Nutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
The purpose of this Special Issue “Nutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)” is to increase knowledge regarding the role of dietary composition and effects in IBD, describing the prevalence of malnutrition in IBD and the effect on clinical…
Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: Implications for Maternal and Infant Health
Pregnancy is a viewed as a window to future health. With the birth of the developmental origins of human adult disease hypothesis, research and clinical practice has turned its attention to the influence of maternal factors such as health and…
Nutrition and Eye Health
Blindness and visual impairment impact significantly on an individual’s physical and mental well-being. Loss of vision is a global health problem, with approximately 250 million of the world’s population currently living with vision loss, of which 36…
Nutrition and Diet Factors in Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health burden. Approximately seven million people develop diabetes in both developed and developing countries every year, with the most dramatic increases occurring in Type 2 Diabetes. Especially alarming,…
Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
The effects of nutrition in chronic conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dementia, stroke, and inflammatory bowel disease continue to generate interest among researchers. This stems from the fact that diet is a modifiable risk factor…
Nucleation of Minerals: Precursors, Intermediates and Their Use in Materials Chemistry
Nucleation is the key event in mineralisation, but a general molecular understanding of phase separation mechanisms is still missing, despite more than 100 years of research in this field. In recent years, many studies have highlighted the occurrence…
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a nondestructive technique that can be used to characterize a wide variety of systems. Sustained development of both methodology and instrumentation have allowed NMR to evolve as a powerful technology,…
Novel Membrane Technologies for Traditional Industrial Processes
Through reading this book, you will obtain information on: (1) the main problems in air separation and natural gas treatment by membrane separation and how to solve them; (2) processes involving membranes and new membrane materials for the more…
New Trends in Differential and Difference Equations and Applications
This Special Issue aims to be a compilation of new results in the areas of differential and difference Equations, covering boundary value problems, systems of differential and difference equations, as well as analytical and numerical methods. The…
New Mineral Species and Their Crystal Structures
One last comment concerns the fundamental contributions of Fourier analysis to quantum physics: Quantum mechanics and quantum field theory.
Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Neutrosophic logic and set are gaining significant attention in solving many real-life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistency, and indeterminacy. A number of new neutrosophic theories have been…
Natural Stone and Architectural Heritage
This book is made up of contributions dealing with heritage stones from different countries around the world. The stones are described, as well as their use in vernacular and contemporaneous architecture. Heritage stones are those stones that have…
Nanomaterials in Liquid Crystals
The dispersion of nanomaterials in liquid crystals, both of the thermotropic and the lyotropic kind, has attracted much interest over recent years. This is in part related to the success of liquid crystals in several applications, in particular flat…
Nanocolloids for Nanomedicine and Drug Delivery
This Special Issue highlights novel nanocolloids like magnetic nanoparticles, nanomicelles, nanoliposomes, nanocapsules, and nanoclays, stimulating novel interests and ideas in research groups involved in the development of novel nanotools within the…
Nano- and Microcomposites for Electrical Engineering Applications
In a dedicated Special Issue, the journal Polymers has compiled papers on the current trends and research directions within the preparation, characterization and application of polymer-based composite materials in electrical engineering applications.…
Molecular Modeling in Drug Design
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Molecular Modeling in Drug Design that was published in Molecules
Modern Sample Preparation Approaches for Separation Science
This book will provide the most recent knowledge and advances in Sample Preparation Techniques for Separation Science. Everyone working in a laboratory must be familiar with the basis of these technologies, and they often involve elaborate and…
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging and Diseases of Aging
Mitochondria are vitally important cellular organelles and undergo their own aging process becoming less efficient in aged animals including humans. These changes have wide-ranging significance contributing to immune dysfunction (autoimmunity and…
Milk: Bioactive Components and Role in Human Nutrition
Milk is a nutritious food item with various beneficial properties and has a long tradition in nutrition, having been part of human diet for thousands of years. The composition of milk varies among different species, and milk quality is affected by…
Microwave Indices from Active and Passive Sensors for Remote Sensing Applications
Past research has comprehensively assessed the capabilities of satellite sensors operating at microwave frequencies, both active (SAR, scatterometers) and passive (radiometers), for the remote sensing of Earth’s surface. Besides brightness…
Micronutrients Intake and Status during Pregnancy and Lactation
Optimal nutrition is important during pregnancy and lactation for the health of both the mother and infant. Chronic deficiencies of both macronutrients and micronutrients are well established in developing countries. Although in developed countries…
Microdevices and Microsystems for Cell Manipulation
Microfabricated devices and systems capable of micromanipulation are well-suited for the manipulation of cells. These technologies are capable of a variety of functions, including cell trapping, cell sorting, cell culturing, and cell surgery, often…
Ultrafast photophysics and photochemistry of radical precursors in solution
The photoinduced dynamics of radical precursors in solution were investigated by means of femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy assisted by quantum chemical calculations. The investigated systems show a wide range of excited state lifetimes…
Thermochemistry and Kinetics for the Oxidative Degradation of Dibenzofuran and Precursors
The emission of dibenzofurans and dioxins from industrial processes is a major environmental concern. Focussing on dibenzofuran, this study tend to improve our understanding of the general oxidation chemistry and to provide a mechanism suitable for…
Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy on Electron-Boson Interactions in Superconductors
This work describes the experimental study of electron-boson interactions in superconductors by means of inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy performed with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) at temperatures below 1 K. This new approach…
Quantum simulation experiments with superconducting circuits
While the universal quantum computer seems not in reach for the near future, this work focusses on analog quantum simulation of intriguing quantum models of light-matter interactions, with the goal of achieving a computational speed-up as compared to…
Optimisation of hysteretic losses in high-temperature superconducting wires
Hysteretic loss optimisations through numerical simulation and subsequent experimental confirmation in transport current and background field measurements: ferromagnetic shielding and topological geometry optimisation is used to reduce energy…
Investigations of Angular Light Scattering by Complex Atmospheric Particles
This book experimentally investigates the angular light scattering properties of three atmospherically relevant particles: ice crystals, dust particles and secondary organic aerosol particles. Key optical quantities under examination are the…
Hybrid quantum system based on rare earth doped crystals
Hybrid quantum circuits interfacing rare earth spin ensembles with microwave resonators are a promising approach for application as coherent quantum memory and frequency converter. In this thesis, hybrid circuits based on Er and Nd ions doped into…
Marine Natural Products and Obesity
Obesity and related co-morbidities are increasing worldwide and pose a serious health problem. Changes in lifestyle and diet would be the best remedies to fight obesity; however, many people will still rely on medical aid. Marine organisms have been…
Marine Bioactive Peptides: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Potential
Book, “Marine Bioactive Peptides: Structure, Function, andTherapeutic Potential"" includes up-to-date information regarding bioactivepeptides isolated from marine organisms. Marine peptides have been found invarious phyla, and their numbers have…
Lie and non-Lie Symmetries: Theory and Applications for Solving Nonlinear Models
Since the end of the 19th century when the prominent Norwegian mathematician Sophus Lie created the theory of Lie algebras and Lie groups and developed the method of their applications for solving differential equations, his theory and method have…
Intermittency and Self-Organisation in Turbulence and Statistical Mechanics
There is overwhelming evidence, from laboratory experiments, observations, and computational studies, that coherent structures can cause intermittent transport, dramatically enhancing transport. A proper description of this intermittent phenomenon,…
Intelligent Control in Energy Systems
The editors of this Special Issue titled “Intelligent Control in Energy Systems” have attempted to create a book containing original technical articles addressing various elements of intelligent control in energy systems. In response to our call for…
Information Theory in Neuroscience
As the ultimate information processing device, the brain naturally lends itself to being studied with information theory. The application of information theory to neuroscience has spurred the development of principled theories of brain function, and…
Inflammation and Cancer
Based on the most recent clinical and epidemiologic information, one out of seven newly diagnosed epithelial malignancies worldwide result from infection and chronic inflammation in conjunction with cancer. This book draws contributions from…
The Impact of Caffeine and Coffee on Human Health
The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide a thorough and up-to-date presentation of research investigating the impact of coffee and/or caffeine intake on various health outcomes. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, the following…
Hydrological Hazard: Analysis and Prevention
Due to the considerable impacts of hydrological hazards on water resources, natural environments, and human activities, as well as on human health and safety, climate variability and climate change have become key issues for the research community.…
Hydrogels in Tissue Engineering
Hydrogels are the foundation of regenerative medicine as a supportive matrix for cell immobilization and growth factor delivery. The fate of implanted cells is mediated by cell-matrix interaction at multiple scales and timed-release of growth factors…
Health-Promoting Components of Fruits and Vegetables in Human Health
Diet and lifestyle choices can substantially predispose an individual to, or protect against, many age- and obesity-related chronic diseases. According to the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, dietary bioactives arecompounds in foodsnot needed for…
Health Benefits of Mediterranean Diet
Growing evidence shows that a dietary pattern inspired by Mediterranean dietprinciples is associated with numerous health benefits. A Mediterranean-typediet has been demonstrated to exert a preventive effect toward cardiovasculardiseases, in both…
Growth and Ecosystem Services of Urban Trees
Numerous studies indicate an accelerated growth of forest trees, induced by ongoing climate change. Similar trends were recently found for urban trees in major cities worldwide. Studies frequently report about substantial effects of climate change…
Groundwater Resources and Salt Water Intrusion in a Changing Environment
This Special Issue presents the work of 30 scientists from 11 countries. It confirms that the impacts of global change, resulting from both climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure, are huge on worldwide coastal areas (and critically so…
Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials possess astonishing physical and chemical properties. They play a key role in the development of novel and effective drugs, catalysts, sensors, and pesticides, to cite just a few examples. Notably, the synthesis of nanomaterials is…
Graphene and Other 2D Layered Nanomaterial-Based Films: Synthesis, Properties and Applications
This book is dedicated to highlighting some relevant advances in the field of thin films and coatings based on two-dimensional crystals and layered nanomaterials. Due to their layered structure, graphene and a variety of new 2D inorganic nanosystems,…
High-resolution sensitivity studies with the regional climate model COSMO-CLM
High-resolution regional ensemble climate simulations with the regional climate model COSMO-CLM are performed for Southwest Germany to study the sensitivity of meteorological and hydrological variables to parameter settings. The soil-vegetation model…
Gravity forward modeling with a tesseroid-based Rock-Water-Ice approach – Theory and applications in the context of the GOCE mission and height system unification
Detailed information on the gravitational effect of the Earth’s topographic and isostatic masses can be calculated by gravity forward modeling. Within this book, the tesseroid-based Rock-Water-Ice (RWI) approach is developed, which allows a rigorous…
Discrete Time Analysis of Consolidated Transport Processes
The objective of this work is to develop models for the analysis of consolidated transport processes. With the discrete time queuing models developed for inventory and vehicle consolidation, in particular milkrun systems, a detailed performance…
Dietary Intake and Type 2 Diabetes
The prevalence of diabetes is on the increase in the UK and worldwide, partly due to changes in lifestyle which predispose individuals to overweight and obesity. It is estimated that about 90% of the currently diagnosed adults have type 2 diabetes,…
Dietary Fibers and Human Health
Dietary fiber has long been recognized for its role in digestive function. However, currently there is scientific debate about definitions (descriptive and analytical), optimal intake, and essentiality in the human diet. Dietary fiber is a key…
Dietary Behavior and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents
In recent years, diet- and lifestyle-related disorders have become a major health threat in Europe and worldwide. The contributions in this monograph include 2 review articles and 19 original contributions from several countries that provide new…
Dietary Behavior and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents
In recent years, diet- and lifestyle-related disorders have become a major health threat in Europe and worldwide. The contributions in this monograph include 2 review articles and 19 original contributions from several countries that provide new…
Dietary Antioxidants and Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases
Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated the association between oxidative stress and non-communicable disease, including cardiovascular disorders, mental disease, and several types of cancer. Oxidative stress is commonly known as an…
Dietary and Non-Dietary Phytochemicals and Cancer
The role of many phytochemicals in the modulation of the carcinogenesis process has been well documented by combining in vitro and animal studies, as well as epidemiological evidence. When acting in synergy, phytochemicals exert potential anti-cancer…
Diet and Metabolic Dysfunction
The purpose of these books is to have an updated systematic overview examining, in detail, the functional role of different diets and dietary components in maintaining glucose homeostasis and preventing long-term complications. The first book…
Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a common neurological disease that can affect all ages. Although the majority of people with epilepsy can have excellent seizure control with medication, about 30% will fail anti-epileptic drugs. For those with medically intractable…
Current Aspects of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
Positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are in vivo molecular imaging techniques which are widely used in nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and treatment follow-up of many major diseases. They use…
Crystal Chemistry of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Crystal Chemistry of Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury that was published in Crystals
Coordination Chemistry of Silicon
The chemistry of silicon has always been a field of major concern due to its proximity to carbon on the periodic table. From the molecular chemist's viewpoint, one of the most interesting differences between carbon and silicon is their divergent…
Colloids and Interfaces in Oil Recovery
It is well-known that colloid and interface science and petroleum production are inextricably linked. Whether in the reservoir, with its porous structure, or during recovery, crude oil is intimately associated with rock surfaces and with water, often…
Colloid Chemistry
The Special Issue Colloid Chemistry presents a comprehensive overview of what opportunities the colloidal scale, i.e., the nanoscale, offers to scientists from chemistry, physics, materials sciences, and biomedicine. Sophistically designed colloids…
Cellular Entry of Binary and Pore-Forming Bacterial Toxins
Bridging cellular membranes is a key step in the pathogenic action of both binary and pore-forming bacterial toxins. The former use their translocation domains, containing various structural motifs, to ensure efficient delivery of the toxic component…
Catalyzed Synthesis of Natural Products
Natural products have been a source of inspiration for chemists and chemical biologists for many years, and have a special relevance in the chemical space. In recent years, several novel synthetic strategies have appeared, such as diversity-oriented…
Catalytic, Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Processes for the Valorisation of CO2
Increasing attention is being paid to the development of effective technologies for the sequestration of CO2 and its storage. Hopefully, this will result in processes that can lead to its valorisation as a chemical, e.g., for the regeneration of…
Catalytic Processes for The Valorisation of Biomass Derived Molecules
In the last decades, inedible lignocellulosic biomasses have attracted significant attention for being abundant resources that are not in competition with agricultural land or food production and, therefore, can be used as starting renewable material…
Carotenoids and Human Health
Carotenoids are a group of approximately 600 compounds synthesized by photosynthetic organisms. These pigments are abundant in fruits and vegetables, as well as in certain animal products such as eggs and salmon, being responsible for their colorful…
Carboxylic Acid Production
Carboxylic acids are truly central compounds in cellular metabolism. Carbon dioxide is captured from the atmosphere through formation of carboxylic groups and is also released, in part, by decarboxylation reactions. The reactivity of the carboxylic…
Carbonic Anhydrases and Metabolism
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes present in all kingdoms of life, as they equilibrate the reaction between three simple but essential chemical species: CO2, bicarbonate, and protons. Discovered more than 80 years ago, in 1933,…
Carbon Fibers and Their Composite Materials
Carbon fiber is an oft-referenced material that serves as a means to remove mass from large transport infrastructure. Carbon fiber composites, typically plastics reinforced with the carbon fibers, are key materials in the 21st century and have…
Carbohydrate Metabolism in Health and Disease
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental aspect of health and a crucial function in a variety of species, including humans. A primary disfunction in major global diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, is dysregulation of…
Carbohydrate Intake in Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Treatment
In 2011, carbohydrates provided 63% of the dietary energy intake to the world’s population. Historically, carbohydrate-rich diets have been associated with good health and longevity but there has been a move away from traditional carbohydrate-rich…
Brain Asymmetry of Structure And/Or Function
This edited book brings together research reports on the asymmetry of brain function in various species, including humans, dogs, birds, lizards and bees. As shown in a wide range of species, and, as we now know, not solely in humans, the left and…
Breastfeeding and Human Lactation
Human lactation has evolved to produce a milk composition that is uniquely-designed for the human infant. Not only does human milk optimize infant growth and development, it also provides protection from infection and disease. More recently, the…
Boron Nitride Nanostructures
The research topic of this Special Issue will consider (i) the design of nanostructured boron nitride nanostructures with controlled crystal structures, porosity, and dimensionality, (ii) the functionalization of boron nitride, and (iii) prospective…
Biosensors and Molecular Imprinting
Sensitive assays are often based on molecular recognition. Often stability problems have limited the use of such assays. The introduction of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) eliminates such limitations. With the introduction of biosensors…
Biomass Chars: Elaboration, Characterization and Applications
Thermochemical conversion processes convert biomass into gaseous, liquid and solid products named, syngas, bio-oil and char, respectively. Syngas and bio-oil are considered as alternative biofuels to fossil fuels and wide investigations are…
Biological Crystallization
For at least six hundred million years, life has been a fascinating laboratory of crystallization, referred to as biomineralization. During this huge lapse of time, many organisms from diverse phyla have developed the capability to precipitate…
Biological and Biogenic Crystallization
The intention of the Special Issue ""Biological and Biogenic Crystallization"" was to create an international platform aimed at covering a broad field of results involving the crystallization of biological molecules, including virus and protein…
Biological Activity of Natural Secondary Metabolite Products
this text will present the book in all promotional forms (e.g. flyers). Please describe the book in straightforward and consumer-friendly terms. [Natural secondary metabolite products, which are isolated from plants, animals, microorganisms, etc.,…
Biofuels and Biochemicals Production
The high demand and depletion of petroleum reserves and the associated impact on the environment, together with volatility in the energy market price over the past three decades, have led to tremendous efforts in bio-based research activities,…
Biodegradable Metals
The interest in biocompatible and biodegradable metals, such as magnesium, is mainly related to their potential use as structural material for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications where a temporary medical device is required. However, in the…
Bioactive and Therapeutic Dental Materials
This book focus principally on ions-releasing and other smart dental materials for application in preventive and restorative dentistry, as well as in endodontics in the form of adhesives, resin-based composites, pastes, varnishes, liners and dental…
Berry Antioxidants in Health and Disease
During the last decade, a high volume of work has been published on the health-promoting effects of berries (e.g., blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, etc.) that are rich in antioxidant phytochemicals, polyphenols. Consuming a diet rich in…
Benefits of Resveratrol Supplementation
Benefits of Resveratrol Supplementation
Atmospheric Composition Observations
The composition of the atmosphere is a critical factor in understanding the nature and magnitude of processes associated with the planet’s energy balance, clouds and precipitation, biogeochemical cycling of nutrients, and public health and welfare. A…
Atherosclerosis and Vascular Imaging
Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death in the West, and vascular disease is the most common cardiovascular clinical problem. The disease results in serious morbidity and mortality, and carries economic cost implications. While conventional…
Application of Essential Oils in Food Systems
This Special Issue will look at the advances made in the essential oils. Essential oils have received increasing attention as natural additives for the shelf-life extension of food products, due to the risk in using synthetic preservatives. Synthetic…
Application and Behavior of Nanomaterials in Water Treatment
The book compiles scientific articles describing advances in nanomaterial synthesis and their application in water remediation. The publications treat diverse problems such as dye degradation, heavy metal ion, as well as radioactive element capture…
Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Syndrome
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder caused by antiphospholipid antibodies. It was characterized by excessive clotting of blood and/or certain complications of pregnancy (premature miscarriages, unexplained fetal death, or…
Antioxidants in Health and Disease Volume 2
Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress is associated with a number of health disorders, including cardiovascular malfunction, certain types of cancer, diabetes mellitus, many other auto-immune diseases, and even…
Antioxidants in Health and Disease Volume 1
Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress is associated with a number of health disorders, including cardiovascular malfunction, certain types of cancer, diabetes mellitus, many other auto-immune diseases, and even…
Advances in Food Analysis
This Topical Collection of Molecules provides the most recent advancements and trends within the framework of food analysis, confirming the growing public, academic, and industrial interest in this field. The articles broach topics related to sample…
Advances in Computer Simulation Studies on Crystal Growth
Crystals are indispensable in technology, nature, and our daily lives. For example, cooking uses many kinds of crystallized products, such as salt, sugar, and fat crystals; electronic devices contain semiconductor crystals; living organisms produce…
Advances and Applications of Nano-antimicrobial Treatments
Nowadays, great concerns are associated with the resistance demonstrated by many microorganisms towards the conventional antibiotic therapies. The failure of traditional antimicrobials, and the increasing healthcare costs, have encouraged scientific…
Advanced Numerical Methods in Applied Sciences
The use of scientific computing tools is currently customary for solving problems at several complexity levels in Applied Sciences. The great need for reliable software in the scientific community conveys a continuous stimulus to develop new and…
Advanced Glasses, Composites and Ceramics for High Growth Industries
Advanced Glasses, Composites and Ceramics for High-Growth Industries (CoACH) was a European Training Network (ETN) project (http://www.coach-etn.eu/) funded by the Horizon 2020 program. CoACH involved multiple actors in the innovation ecosystem for…
Abiotic Stresses in Agroecology: A Challenge for Whole Plant Physiology
Understanding plant responses to abiotic stresses is central to our ability to predict the impact of global change and environmental pollution on the production of food, feed and forestry. Besides increasing carbon dioxide concentration and rising…
Abiotic Stress Signaling in Plants: Functional Genomic Intervention
Abiotic stresses such as high temperature, low-temperature, drought and salinity limit crop productivity worldwide. Understanding plant responses to these stresses is essential for rational engineering of crop plants. In Arabidopsis, the signal…
Physical (A)Causality: Determinism, Randomness and Uncaused Events
This book addresses the physical phenomenon of events that seem to occur spontaneously and without any known cause. These are to be contrasted with events that happen in a (pre-)determined, predictable, lawful, and causal way. All our knowledge is…
Social and Political Dimensions of Mathematics Education: Current Thinking
This book examines the current thinking on five critical social and political areas in mathematics education. It focuses on material conditions in teaching and learning, and details features of social life and their influence on mathematics teaching,…
Semiotics in Mathematics Education
This volume discusses semiotics in mathematics education as an activity with a formal sign system, in which each sign represents something else. Theories presented by Saussure, Peirce, Vygotsky and other writers on semiotics are summarized in their…
Riverine Ecosystem Management: Science for Governing Towards a Sustainable Future
This open access book surveys the frontier of scientific river research and provides examples to guide management towards a sustainable future of riverine ecosystems. Principal structures and functions of the biogeosphere of rivers are explained; key…
Projection-Based Clustering through Self-Organization and Swarm Intelligence: Combining Cluster Analysis with the Visualization of High-Dimensional Data
This book covers aspects of unsupervised machine learning used for knowledge discovery in data science and introduces a data-driven approach to cluster analysis, the Databionic swarm (DBS). DBS consists of the 3D landscape visualization and…
The Philosophy of Mathematics Education
This survey provides a brief and selective overview of research in the philosophy of mathematics education. It asks what makes up the philosophy of mathematics education, what it means, what questions it asks and answers, and what is its overall…
The Cellular Automaton Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
This book presents the deterministic view of quantum mechanics developed by Nobel Laureate Gerard 't Hooft. Dissatisfied with the uncomfortable gaps in the way conventional quantum mechanics meshes with the classical world, 't Hooft has revived the…
Ranaviruses: Lethal Pathogens of Ectothermic Vertebrates
This is the first book on ranaviruses. Ranaviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses that cause hemorrhagic disease in amphibians, reptiles, and fish. They have caused mass die-offs of ectothermic vertebrates in wild and captive populations around the…
Marine Anthropogenic Litter
This book describes how man-made litter, primarily plastic, has spread into the remotest parts of the oceans and covers all aspects of this pollution problem from the impacts on wildlife and human health to socio-economic and political issues. Marine…
Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants
This book contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on the Mechanisms of Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants, where many plant and animal reproductive biologists gathered to discuss their recent progress in investigating the…
The GEO Handbook on Biodiversity Observation Networks
Biodiversity observation systems are almost everywhere inadequate to meet local, national and international (treaty) obligations. As a result of alarmingly rapid declines in biodiversity in the modern era, there is a strong, worldwide desire to…
Collider Physics within the Standard Model: A Primer
With this graduate-level primer, the principles of the standard model of particle physics receive a particular skillful, personal and enduring exposition by one of the great contributors to the field. In 2013 the late Prof. Altarelli wrote: The…
Atlas of Challenges and Opportunities in European Neighbourhoods
This atlas provides a macro-regional overview of the areas that surround the European Union, from the Sahara to the Middle East, Western Balkans to European Russia, Turkey to the Arctic. Detailing key socio-economic data as well as developmental…
Communicating, Networking: Interacting: The International Year of Global Understanding - IYGU
This book illustrates the benefits to be gained from digitally networked communication for health, education and transitioning economies in developing nations (Sierra Leone and Papua New Guinea) and developed nations. Growing powers of e-citizenship…
Advances in Discrete Differential Geometry
This is one of the first books on a newly emerging field of discrete differential geometry and an excellent way to access this exciting area. It surveys the fascinating connections between discrete models in differential geometry and complex…
Wearable Electronics and Embedded Computing Systems
Wearable electronics and embedded computing systems have been receiving a great deal of interest over the last two decades in research and commercial fields, with a special focus on biomedical applications. The key benefits introduced by these…
Uses of Technology in Upper Secondary Mathematics Education
This survey addresses the use of technology in upper secondary mathematics education from four points of view: theoretical analysis of epistemological and cognitive aspects of activity in new technology mediated learning environments, the changes…
Turbulence: Numerical Analysis, Modelling and Simulation
The problem of accurate and reliable simulation of turbulent flows is a central and intractable challenge that crosses disciplinary boundaries. As the needs for accuracy increase and the applications expand beyond flows where extensive data is…
Transitions in Mathematics Education
This book examines the kinds of transitions that have been studied in mathematics education research. It defines transition as a process of change, and describes learning in an educational context as a transition process. The book focuses on research…
Symmetry with Operator Theory and Equations
A plethora of problems from diverse disciplines such as Mathematics, Mathematical: Biology, Chemistry, Economics, Physics, Scientific Computing and also Engineering can be formulated as an equation defined in abstract spaces using Mathematical…
Symmetry Measures on Complex Networks
Symmetry is found everywhere, to a greater or lesser degree. It is essential in all sciences and also as the basic substrate in all arts. The same happens with Complex Networks, which are the majority of all those that interest for advanced…
Symmetry in Vision
Symmetry has a central role in the study of vision. The concept of symmetry has an ancient origin in considerations of visual appearance; in modern times, abstracted and formalized into Group Theory, it has found spectacular applications, far beyond…
Symmetry in Graph Theory
This book contains the successful invited submissions to a Special Issue of Symmetry on the subject of ""Graph Theory"". Although symmetry has always played an important role in Graph Theory, in recent years, this role has increased significantly in…
Symmetries of Nonlinear PDEs on Metric Graphs and Branched Networks
his Special Issue focuses on recent progress in a new area of mathematical physics and applied analysis, namely, on nonlinear partial differential equations on metric graphs and branched networks. Graphs represent a system of edges connected at one…
Stochastic Processes: Theory and Applications
The aim of this special issue is to publish original research papers that cover recent advances in the theory and application of stochastic processes. There is especial focus on applications of stochastic processes as models of dynamic phenomena in…
Stochastic Processes with Applications
Stochastic processes have wide relevance in mathematics both for theoretical aspects and for their numerous real-world applications in various domains. They represent a very active research field which is attracting the growing interest of scientists…
Stark Broadening of Spectral Lines in Plasmas
Experimental and theoretical studies of Stark broadening of spectral lines in plasmas are the cornerstone of a large number of spectroscopic diagnostics of laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. As such, they are very important both fundamentally and…
Social and Political Dimensions of Mathematics Education: Current Thinking
This book examines the current thinking on five critical social and political areas in mathematics education. It focuses on material conditions in teaching and learning, and details features of social life and their influence on mathematics teaching,…
Scaling of Differential Equations
The book serves both as a reference for various scaled models with corresponding dimensionless numbers, and as a resource for learning the art of scaling. A special feature of the book is the emphasis on how to create software for scaled models,…
Finite Difference Computing with Exponential Decay Models
This text provides a very simple, initial introduction to the complete scientific computing pipeline: models, discretization, algorithms, programming, verification, and visualization. The pedagogical strategy is to use one case study – an ordinary…
Progress in Mathematical Ecology
Mathematical ecology is an area of applied mathematics concerned with the application of mathematical concepts, tools and techniques, usually in the form of mathematical models, to problems arising in population dynamics, ecology and evolution. This…
Problem Solving in Mathematics Education
This survey book reviews four interrelated areas: (i) the relevance of heuristics in problem-solving approaches – why they are important and what research tells us about their use; (ii) the need to characterize and foster creative problem-solving…
Particle Accelerator Physics
This book by Helmut Wiedemann is a well-established, classic text, providing an in-depth and comprehensive introduction to the field of high-energy particle acceleration and beam dynamics.The present 4th edition has been significantly revised,…
Optimization in Control Applications
Mathematical optimization is the selection of the best element in a set with respect to a given criterion. Optimization has become one of the most-used tools in modern control theory for computing the control law, adjusting the controller parameters…
Operators of Fractional Calculus and Their Applications
During the past four decades or so, various operators of fractional calculus, such as those named after Riemann–Liouville, Weyl, Hadamard, Grunwald–Letnikov, Riesz, Erdelyi–Kober, Liouville–Caputo, and so on, have been found to be remarkably popular…
New Trends in Statistical Physics of Complex Systems
A topical research activity in statistical physics concerns the study of complex and disordered systems. Generally, these systems are characterized by an elevated level of interconnection and interaction between the parts so that they give rise to a…
New Trends in Differential and Difference Equations and Applications
This Special Issue aims to be a compilation of new results in the areas of differential and difference Equations, covering boundary value problems, systems of differential and difference equations, as well as analytical and numerical methods. The…
Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Neutrosophic logic and set are gaining significant attention in solving many real-life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistency, and indeterminacy. A number of new neutrosophic theories have been…
Advances in Proof-Theoretic Semantics
This volume is the first ever collection devoted to the field of proof-theoretic semantics. Contributions address topics including the systematics of introduction and elimination rules and proofs of normalization, the categorial characterization of…
The method of densities for non-isotropic Boolean models
This book deals with the Boolean model, a basic model of stochastic geometry for the description of porous structures like the pore space in sand stone. The main result is a formula which gives in two and three dimensions a series representation of…
Metasurfaces: Physics and Applications
Metasurfaces, the two-dimensional analog of metamaterials, have attracted progressively increasing attention in recent years due to their planar configurations and, thus, ease of fabrication, while enabling an unprecedented control over optical…
Measurement and Control of Charged Particle Beams
This advanced textbook and reference is the first comprehensive and systematic review of all methods used for the measurement, correction, and control of the beam dynamics of modern particle accelerators. Based on material presented in several…
The Mathematics Education of Prospective Secondary Teachers Around the World
This volume shares and discusses significant new trends and developments in research and practices related to various aspects of preparing prospective secondary mathematics teachers from 2005–2015. It provides both an overview of the current…
Mathematical Modelling in Engineering & Human Behaviour 2018
This book includes papers in cross-disciplinary applications of mathematical modelling: from medicine to linguistics, social problems, and more. Based on cutting-edge research, each chapter is focused on a different problem of modelling human…
Mathematical Analysis and Applications
Investigations involving the theory and applications of mathematical analytic tools and techniques are remarkably wide-spread in many diverse areas of the mathematical, physical, chemical, engineering and statistical sciences. In this Special Issue,…
Iterative Methods for Solving Nonlinear Equations and Systems
Solving nonlinear equations in Banach spaces (real or complex nonlinear equations, nonlinear systems, and nonlinear matrix equations, among others), is a non-trivial task that involves many areas of science and technology. Usually the solution is not…
International Comparative Studies in Mathematics: Lessons for Improving Students’ Learning
This open access book examines the cultural and educational factors that influence how successfully students learn mathematics; focuses on international comparative studies as a means of generating theories and improving students’ learning; and…
Interdisciplinary Mathematics Education
This book provides an essential introduction to the state-of the-art in interdisciplinary Mathematics Education. First, it begins with an outline of the field’s relevant historical, conceptual and theoretical backgrounds, what “discipline” means and…
Information Geometry
This Special Issue of the journal Entropy, titled “Information Geometry I”, contains a collection of 17 papers concerning the foundations and applications of information geometry. Based on a geometrical interpretation of probability, information…
Guided-Wave Optics
The topic of guided wave (GW) propagation comprises a vast research area overlapping with photonics, matter waves in macroscopic quantum media (ultracold gases of bosonic and fermionic atoms, condensates of quasiparticles, such as…
Geometry and topology of wild translation surfaces
A translation surface is a two-dimensional manifold, equipped with a translation structure. It can be obtained by considering Euclidean polygons and identifying their edges via translations. The vertices of the polygons form singularities if the…
Geometric Regularization in Bioluminescence Tomography
Bioluminescence tomography is a recent biomedical imaging technique which allows to study molecular and cellular activities in vivo. From a mathematical point of view, it is an ill-posed inverse source problem: the location and the intensity of a…
Fuzzy Techniques for Decision Making
This book contains the successful invited submissions to a Special Issue of Symmetry in the subject area of “Fuzzy Techniques for Decision Making”. We invited contributions addressing novel techniques and tools for decision making (e.g., group or…
Fuzzy Mathematics
This book provides a timely overview of topics in fuzzy mathematics. It lays the foundation for further research and applications in a broad range of areas. It contains break-through analysis on how results from the many variations and extensions of…
Fractional Order Systems
This book is focused on fractional order systems. Historically, fractional calculus has been recognized since the inception of regular calculus, with the first written reference dated in September 1695 in a letter from Leibniz to L’Hospital.…
Fractional Differential Equations: Theory, Methods and Applications
Fractional calculus provides the possibility of introducing integrals and derivatives of an arbitrary order in the mathematical modelling of physical processes, and it has become a relevant subject with applications to various fields, such as…
Fractional Calculus: Theory and Applications
Fractional calculus is allowing integrals and derivatives of any positive order (the term fractional is kept only for historical reasons). It can be considered a branch of mathematical physics that deals with integro-differential equations, where…
Early Geometrical Thinking in the Environment of Patterns, Mosaics and Isometries
This book discusses the learning and teaching of geometry, with a special focus on kindergarten and primary education. It examines important new trends and developments in research and practice, and emphasizes theoretical, empirical and developmental…
Dynamic risk management with Markov decision processes
An important tool in risk management is the implementation of risk measures. We study dynamic models where risk measures and dynamic risk measures can be applied. In particular, we solve various portfolio optimization problems and introduce a class…
Differential Geometry
The present book contains 14 papers published in the Special Issue “Differential Geometry” of the journal Mathematics. They represent a selection of the 30 submissions. This book covers a variety of both classical and modern topics in differential…
Current Trends in Symmetric Polynomials with their Applications
This Special Issue presents research papers on various topics within many different branches of mathematics, applied mathematics, and mathematical physics. Each paper presents mathematical theories, methods, and their application based on current and…
The Craft of Fractional Modelling in Science and Engineering
This book is a result of the contributions of scientists involved in a Special Issue entitled “The Craft of Fractional Modelling in Science and Engineering” published by the journal Fractal and Fractional (MDPI). Most of the articles were published…
Applied Analysis of Ordinary Differential Equations
One might say that ordinary differential equations (notably, in Isaac Newton’s analysis of the motion of celestial bodies) had a central role in the development of modern applied mathematics. This book is devoted to research articles which build upon…
Algebraic Structures of Neutrosophic Triplets, Neutrosophic Duplets, or Neutrosophic Multisets ( 2 )
Neutrosophy (1995) is a new branch of philosophy that studies triads of the form (, , ), where is an entity {i.e. element, concept, idea, theory, logical proposition, etc.}, is the opposite of , while is the neutral (or indeterminate) between them,…
Algebraic Structures of Neutrosophic Triplets, Neutrosophic Duplets, or Neutrosophic Multisets
Neutrosophy (1995) is a new branch of philosophy that studies triads of the form (, , ), where is an entity {i.e. element, concept, idea, theory, logical proposition, etc.}, is the opposite of , while is the neutral (or indeterminate) between them,…
Advances in Mechanical Problems of Functionally Graded Materials and Structures
The book deals with novel aspects and perspectives in functionally graded materials (FGMs), which are advanced engineering materials designed for a specific performance or function with spatial gradation in structure and/or composition. The…
Observations and Theory of Short GRBs at the Dawn of the Gravitational Wave Era
The book starts with a review of the established facts on the numerical simulations of binary neutron star mergers and simulations of short GRB jets that highlights the issues that need to be revised and further clarified, as the need to understand…
Emerging Advances in Petrophysics. Porous Media Characterization and Modeling of Multiphase Flow
Due to the influence of pore-throat size distribution, pore connectivity, and microscale fractures, the transport, distribution, and residual saturation of fluids in porous media are difficult to characterize. Petrophysical methods in natural porous…
Wetlands and Water Framework Directive
This book compares the lessons learned from a wetland-perspective approach to the changing climate and the requirements of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) with regard to environmental conservation. Examples from Germany and Poland are discussed…
Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin
This book is an update of the first BACC assessment, published in 2008. It offers new and updated scientific findings in regional climate research for the Baltic Sea basin. These include climate changes since the last glaciation (approx. 12,000 years…
Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks: From Hagedorn Temperature to Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at CERN: With a Tribute to Rolf Hagedorn
This book shows how the study of multi-hadron production phenomena in the years after the founding of CERN culminated in Hagedorn's pioneering idea of limiting temperature, leading on to the discovery of the quark-gluon plasma -- announced, in…
Solar Particle Radiation Storms Forecasting and Analysis: The HESPERIA HORIZON 2020 Project and Beyond
Solar energetic particles (SEPs) emitted from the Sun are a major space weather hazard motivating the development of predictive capabilities. This book presents the results and findings of the HESPERIA (High Energy Solar Particle Events forecasting…
Stark Broadening of Spectral Lines in Plasmas
Experimental and theoretical studies of Stark broadening of spectral lines in plasmas are the cornerstone of a large number of spectroscopic diagnostics of laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. As such, they are very important both fundamentally and…
Plant Proteomic Research 2.0
Advancements in high-throughput “Omics” techniques have revolutionized plant molecular biology research. Proteomics offers one of the best options for the functional analysis of translated regions of the genome, generating a wealth of detailed…
Plant Microbe Interaction 2017
200 words; this text will present the book in all promotional forms (e.g. flyers). Please describe the book in straightforward and consumer-friendly terms. [Plants interact with microbes in many different ways and on many different levels. The most…
The Plant Stem: A Microscopic Aspect
This unique and attractive open access textbook combines the beauty of macroscopic pictures of plant stems with the corresponding colorfully stained images of anatomical micro-structures. In contrast to most botanical textbooks, it presents all the…
Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses in Crop Plants
While the demand for crop products continues to increase strongly, agricultural productivity is threatened by various stress factors, often associated with global warming. To sustain and improve yield, it is necessary to understand how plants respond…
Marine Anthropogenic Litter
This book describes how man-made litter, primarily plastic, has spread into the remotest parts of the oceans and covers all aspects of this pollution problem from the impacts on wildlife and human health to socio-economic and political issues. Marine…
Building the Foundation: Whole Numbers in the Primary Grades: The 23rd ICMI Study
This twenty-third ICMI Study addresses for the first time mathematics teaching and learning in the primary school (and pre-school) setting, while also taking international perspectives, socio-cultural diversity and institutional constraints into…
Interferometry and Synthesis in Radio Astronomy
The third edition of this indispensable book in radio interferometry provides extensive updates to the second edition, including results and technical advances from the past decade; discussion of arrays that now span the full range of the radio part…
Instructional Scaffolding in STEM Education: Strategies and Efficacy Evidence
This book uses meta-analysis to synthesize research on scaffolding and scaffolding-related interventions in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education. Specifically, the volume examines the extent to which study quality,…
Uses of Technology in Upper Secondary Mathematics Education
This survey addresses the use of technology in upper secondary mathematics education from four points of view: theoretical analysis of epistemological and cognitive aspects of activity in new technology mediated learning environments, the changes…
The Gene Ontology Handbook
This book provides a practical and self-contained overview of the Gene Ontology (GO), the leading project to organize biological knowledge on genes and their products across genomic resources. Written for biologists and bioinformaticians, it covers…
Physical (A)Causality: Determinism, Randomness and Uncaused Events
This book addresses the physical phenomenon of events that seem to occur spontaneously and without any known cause. These are to be contrasted with events that happen in a (pre-)determined, predictable, lawful, and causal way. All our knowledge is…
Empirical Research in Statistics Education
This ICME-13 Topical Survey provides a review of recent research into statistics education, with a focus on empirical research published in established educational journals and on the proceedings of important conferences on statistics education. It…
Early Algebra: Research into its Nature, its Learning, its Teaching
This survey of the state of the art on research in early algebra traces the evolution of a relatively new field of research and teaching practice. With its focus on the younger student, aged from about 6 years up to 12 years, this volume reveals the…
Diversity and Evolution of Butterfly Wing Patterns: An Integrative Approach
This book facilitates an integrative understanding of the development, genetics and evolution of butterfly wing patterns. To develop a deep and realistic understanding of the diversity and evolution of butterfly wing patterns, it is essential and…
Current and Future Perspectives of Ethnomathematics as a Program
This survey on the modernity of ethnomathematics addresses numerous themes related to both ethnomathematics and mathematics education. It offers a broader view of mathematics, including ideas, procedures, concepts, processes, methods, and practices…
Handbook of Ocean Wave Energy
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. This book offers a concise, practice-oriented reference-guide to the field of ocean wave energy. The ten chapters highlight the key rules of thumb, address all the main technical engineering…
Ship and Offshore Structure Design in Climate Change Perspective
This book summarizes results of longstanding research and scientific contributions from many projects and relevant working groups. It collects and evaluates wind and wave climate projections under changing climate having design needs and marine…
Building the Foundation: Whole Numbers in the Primary Grades: The 23rd ICMI Study
This twenty-third ICMI Study addresses for the first time mathematics teaching and learning in the primary school (and pre-school) setting, while also taking international perspectives, socio-cultural diversity and institutional constraints into…
Attitudes, Beliefs, Motivation and Identity in Mathematics Education: An Overview of the Field and Future Directions
This book records the state of the art in research on mathematics-related affect. It discusses the concepts and theories of mathematics-related affect along the lines of three dimensions. The first dimension identifies three broad categories of…
Assessment in Mathematics Education: Large-Scale Assessment and Classroom Assessment
This book provides an overview of current research on a variety of topics related to both large-scale and classroom assessment. First, the purposes, traditions and principles of assessment are considered, with particular attention to those common to…
Structural Control of Mineral Deposits. Theory and Reality
Structural Control"" remains a crucial point that frequently lacks in any scientific and/or economic analysis of ore deposits, whatever their type and class. The case of lode deposits is exemplary, although also other deposits, like breccia pipe,…
Arctic Mineral Resources. Science and Technology
The Arctic zone of the Earth is a major source of mineral and other natural resources for the future development of science and technology. It contains a large supply of strategic mineral deposits, including rare earths, copper, phosphorus, niobium,…
Criticality of the Rare Earth Elements: Current and Future Sources and Recycling
Rare earth elements (REE) are critical to our modern way of life, although potential primary and secondary sources of these elements and the economics of the REE sector remain somewhat poorly understood. This Special Issue focuses on furthering our…
Current Challenges in Modeling Cellular Metabolism
Mathematical and computational models play an essential role in understanding the cellular metabolism. They are used as platforms to integrate current knowledge on a biological system and to systematically test and predict the effect of manipulations…
Biological Networks
Networks of coordinated interactions among biological entities govern a myriad of biological functions that span a wide range of both length and time scales—from ecosystems to individual cells and from years to milliseconds. For these networks, the…
Advances in Plastic Forming of Metals
The forming of metals through plastic deformation comprises a family of methods that produce components through the re-shaping of input stock, oftentimes with little waste. Therefore, forming is one of the most efficient and economical manufacturing…
Crystal Dislocations: Their Impact on Physical Properties of Crystals
The proposed existence of the edge and screw dislocation in the 1930s, and the subsequent work showing that dislocation theory could explain the plastic deformation of crystals, represent an important step in developing our understanding of materials…
Spin-Crossover Complexes
The spin-crossover (SCO) phenomenon originates from the intrinsic bistability of the d-electron configuration, created by the competition between ligand-field splitting and spin-pairing energies in a first coordination sphere of transition metal…
Enhancing Soil Health to Mitigate Soil Degradation
Five of the top ten problems facing humanity (http://cnst.rice.edu/content.aspx?id=246) over the next 50 years (food, water, energy, environment and poverty) are directly related to the health of soil resources. Several different factors, including:…
Dietary Supplements
We invite you to contribute to a Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “Dietary Supplements”. The purpose of this Special Issue is to advance dietary supplement science by presenting commissioned overviews on four nutrients of particular current…
Magnetism of Molecular Conductors
The study of the magnetic properties of molecular conductors has experienced, over the last few decades, a very significant evolution, comprising systems of increasing molecular complexity and moving towards multifunctional materials. In this…
Bioinspired Catechol- Based Systems: Chemistry and Applications
Catechols are widely found in nature taking part in a variety of biological functions, ranging from the aqueous adhesion of marine organisms to the storage of transition metal ions. Catechol-based natural and biomimetic molecules have thus been the…
On the Origin (and Evolution) of Baryonic Galaxy Halos
This book covers aspects and achievements of the baryonic (star and gas) component of galaxy halos as presented at the successful conference “On the Origin (and Evolution) of Baryonic Galaxy Halos”, held on the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, March…
Commemorative Issue in Honor of Professor Emeritus Calvin H. Bartholomew in Anticipation of His 75th Birthday
This book recognizes the career of Professor Emeritus Calvin H. Bartholomew, who celebrated his 75th birthday in 2018, and his contributions to the science and engineering of heterogeneous catalysis, a field which improves daily life in countless,…
Vitamin D and Human Health
Over the past decades, researchers have gathered data demonstrating that vitamin D and its metabolites possess activities far beyond the classic regulation of calcium–phosphate homeostasis. It is now well established that vitamin D is essential for…
Early Algebra: Research into its Nature, its Learning, its Teaching
This survey of the state of the art on research in early algebra traces the evolution of a relatively new field of research and teaching practice. With its focus on the younger student, aged from about 6 years up to 12 years, this volume reveals the…
Spin-Crossover Complexes
The spin-crossover (SCO) phenomenon originates from the intrinsic bistability of the d-electron configuration, created by the competition between ligand-field splitting and spin-pairing energies in a first coordination sphere of transition metal…
Asymmetric and Selective Biocatalysis
This Issue contains one communication, six articles, and two reviews. The communication from Paola Vitale et al. represents a work where whole cells were used as biocatalysts for the reduction of optically active chloroalkyl arylketones followed by a…
Advances in Marine Chitin and Chitosan II, 2017
As a result of our call in 2014 for submissions to a Special Issue, Advances in Marine Chitin and Chitosan in Marine Drugs, we are now pleased to tell you that this issue has been published. Twenty high class papers were included in this issue, which…
Bioinspired Catechol- Based Systems: Chemistry and Applications
Catechols are widely found in nature taking part in a variety of biological functions, ranging from the aqueous adhesion of marine organisms to the storage of transition metal ions. Catechol-based natural and biomimetic molecules have thus been the…
Applications of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) Tools in Microbiology of Infectious Diseases
Epidemiology is a discipline intended to systematically investigate, and ideally quantify, disease dynamics in populations (Perez, 2015). Epidemiological assessmentsmay be divided into four large areas, namely, (a) identification and characterization…
Advanced Nanoindentation in Materials
This Special Issue "Advanced Nanoindentation in Materials" contains some of the latest developments in the field of small-scale contact mechanics for a wide range of materials and biological cells. The featured manuscript revealed a new ultra-high…
Catalysis for the Conversion of Biomass and Its Derivatives
Biomass will play an important role in the future for the replacement of fossil sources for fuels and chemicals. Catalytic processes are required for the efficient conversion of biomass. The development of such processes and the understanding of the…
Algebra in Cuneiform: Introduction to an Old Babylonian Geometrical Technique
his textbook analyzes a number of texts in “conformal translation,” that is, a translation in which the same Babylonian term is always translated in the same way and, more importantly, in which different terms are always translated differently.…
Paris Climate Agreement: Beacon of Hope
This volume presents an Empirical Model of Global Climate developed by the authors and uses that model to show that global warming will likely remain below 2ºC, relative to preindustrial, throughout this century provided: a) both the unconditional…
Plant Selection for Bioretention Systems and Stormwater Treatment Practices
As cities develop, more land is converted into impervious surfaces, which do not allow water to infiltrate. Careful urban planning is needed to ensure that the hydrologic cycle and water quality of the catchment areas are not affected. There are…
The Cellular Automaton Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
This book presents the deterministic view of quantum mechanics developed by Nobel Laureate Gerard 't Hooft. Dissatisfied with the uncomfortable gaps in the way conventional quantum mechanics meshes with the classical world, 't Hooft has revived the…
Observing Geohazards from Space
With a wide spectrum of imaging capabilities, Earth observation offers several opportunities for the geoscience community to map and monitor natural and human-induced Earth hazards from space. The objective of this book is to collect scientific…
Mineralogy of Quartz and Silica Minerals
The present book reports recent contributions from research in the field of quartz and other silica minerals. The various forms of silica (SiO2) represent important constituents of the Earth crust and play a central role in the composition of…
Mineral Surface Reactions at the Nanoscale
Reactions at mineral surfaces are central to all geochemical processes. As minerals comprise the rocks of the Earth, the processes occurring at the mineral–aqueous fluid interface control the evolution of the rocks and hence the structure of the…
Computing Characterizations of Drugs for Ion Channels and Receptors Using Markov Models
Flow of ions through voltage gated channels can be represented theoretically using stochastic differential equations where the gating mechanism is represented by a Markov model. The flow through a channel can be manipulated using various drugs, and…
Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems: TAIGA Concept
his book is the comprehensive volume of the TAIGA (“a great river ” in Japanese) project. Supported by the Japanese government, the project examined the hypothesis that the subseafloor fluid advection system (subseafloor TAIGA) can be categorized…
Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry of Precious Metals
Precious metals continue to have economic and sociocultural importance, as their usage evolves and diversifies over time. Today, the industrial application of precious metals is increasing with the development of scientific and technological…
Geomicrobiology and Biogeochemistry of Precious Metals
Precious metals continue to have economic and sociocultural importance, as their usage evolves and diversifies over time. Today, the industrial application of precious metals is increasing with the development of scientific and technological…
Environmental Leadership Capacity Building in Higher Education: Experience and Lessons from Asian Program for Incubation of Environmental Leaders
he Graduate Program in Sustainability Science under the Department of Urban Engineering of The University of Tokyo has been running an environmental leadership education program at the graduate student level since 2007 called the Asian Program for…
Handbook of Ocean Wave Energy
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. This book offers a concise, practice-oriented reference-guide to the field of ocean wave energy. The ten chapters highlight the key rules of thumb, address all the main technical engineering…
Structural Control of Mineral Deposits. Theory and Reality
Structural Control"" remains a crucial point that frequently lacks in any scientific and/or economic analysis of ore deposits, whatever their type and class. The case of lode deposits is exemplary, although also other deposits, like breccia pipe,…
Arctic Mineral Resources. Science and Technology
The Arctic zone of the Earth is a major source of mineral and other natural resources for the future development of science and technology. It contains a large supply of strategic mineral deposits, including rare earths, copper, phosphorus, niobium,…
Criticality of the Rare Earth Elements: Current and Future Sources and Recycling
Rare earth elements (REE) are critical to our modern way of life, although potential primary and secondary sources of these elements and the economics of the REE sector remain somewhat poorly understood. This Special Issue focuses on furthering our…
Magnetic Records of Extreme Geological Events
Recent advances in environmental magnetism offer the opportunity to link the magnetic signature of marine and continental rocks to the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic settings that controlled their formation or deposition, as well as to…
Mathematical Modelling in Engineering & Human Behaviour 2018
This book includes papers in cross-disciplinary applications of mathematical modelling: from medicine to linguistics, social problems, and more. Based on cutting-edge research, each chapter is focused on a different problem of modelling human…
Biological Potential and Medical Use of Secondary
Many macro and micro species, from terrestrial and aquatic environments, produce structurally unique compounds and, in many countries, still are the primary sources of medicines. In fact, secondary metabolites are an important source of…
Multivariable Calculus
This book covers the standard material for a one-semester course in multivariable calculus. The topics include curves, differentiability and partial derivatives, multiple integrals, vector fields, line and surface integrals, and the theorems of…
Turbulence: Numerical Analysis, Modelling and Simulation
he problem of accurate and reliable simulation of turbulent flows is a central and intractable challenge that crosses disciplinary boundaries. As the needs for accuracy increase and the applications expand beyond flows where extensive data is…
Optimization in Control Applications
Mathematical optimization is the selection of the best element in a set with respect to a given criterion. Optimization has become one of the most-used tools in modern control theory for computing the control law, adjusting the controller parameters…
Audio Signal Processing
Audio signal processing is a highly active research field where digital signal processing theory meets human sound perception and real-time programming requirements. It has a wide range of applications in computers, gaming, and music technology, to…
Quantum Foundations. 90 Years of Uncertainty
We introduce the general class of symmetric two-qubit states guaranteeing the perfect correlation or anticorrelation of Alice and Bob outcomes whenever some spin observable is measured at both sites. We prove that, for all states from this class, the…
Flood Forecasting Using Machine Learning Methods
Flood disasters have had a great impact on city development. Early flood warning systems (EFWS) are promising countermeasures against flood hazards and losses. Machine learning (ML) is the kernel for building a satisfactory EFWS. This paper first…
Theory and Applications of Ordered Fuzzy Numbers: A Tribute to Professor Witold Kosiński
The subject of this chapter is fuzzy sets and the basic issues related to them. The first section discusses concepts of sets: classic and fuzzy, and presents various ways of describing fuzzy sets. The second section is dedicated to t-norms, s-norms,…
Scaling of Differential Equations
Finding proper values of physical parameters in mathematical models is often quite a challenge. While many have gotten away with using just the mathematical symbols when doing science and engineering with pen and paper, the modern world of numerical…
Wearable Electronics and Embedded Computing Systems
The application of wearable electronics in the biomedical research and commercial fields has
been gaining great interest over the last several decades. Small-sized, lightweight monitoring systems
with low-power consumption and, of course,…
been gaining great interest over the last several decades. Small-sized, lightweight monitoring systems
with low-power consumption and, of course,…
Finite Difference Computing with Exponential Decay Models
Throughout industry and science it is common today to study nature or technological devices through models on a computer. With such models the computer acts as a virtual lab where experiments can be done in a fast, reliable, safe, and cheap way. In…
Algorithms for Scheduling Problems
Optimal scheduling is an important area of operations research, as it has both theoretical and
practical aspects. It is clear that efficient algorithms are most desirable for practical applications,
since most real-world scheduling problems have…
practical aspects. It is clear that efficient algorithms are most desirable for practical applications,
since most real-world scheduling problems have…
Dietary Bioactives and Bone Health
: The effect of germinated Superhongmi, a reddish brown pigmented rice cultivar, on the glucose profile and bone turnover in the postmenopausal-like model of ovariectomized rats was determined. The ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly…
Habitats and Biota of the Gulf of Mexico: Before the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
The Gulf of Mexico is the ninth largest body of water in the world, and it is recognized as 1 of 64 Large Marine Ecosystems by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (Kumpf et al. 1999). Economically and ecologically the Gulf…
Progress in Ecological Stoichiometry
Ecological stoichiometry concerns the way that the elemental composition of organisms shapes their ecology. It deals with balance and imbalanced elemental ratios and how that affects organism growth, nutrient cycling, and the interactions with the…
A Celebration of the Ties That Bind Us: Connections Between Actuarial Science and Mathematical Finance
In the nearly thirty years since Hans Buhlmann (Buhlmann (1987)) set out the notion of the Actuary of the Third Kind, the connection between Actuarial Science (AS) and Mathematical Finance (MF) has been continually reinforced. As siblings in the…
Causes and Consequences of Species Diversity in Forest Ecosystems
What are the causes and consequences of species diversity in forested ecosystems, and how is this species diversity being affected by rapid environmental and climatic change, movement of invertebrate and vertebrate herbivores into new biogeographic…
Catalysis for Low Temperature Fuel Cells
Today, the development of active and stable catalysts still represents a challenge to be overcome in
the research field of low-temperature fuel cells. Operation at low temperatures offers great advantages, such as quick start-up and longer stability,…
the research field of low-temperature fuel cells. Operation at low temperatures offers great advantages, such as quick start-up and longer stability,…
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease
The carotid body (CB) is the main arterial chemoreceptor in charge of adjusting ventilatory and cardiovascular function during changes in arterial blood gases. Regardless this essential function, the CB has been implicated in the sensing of other…
Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling in Forest Soils
Physicochemical and biotic factors influence the binding and dispersivity of soil particles,
and thus control soil macroaggregate formation and stability. Although soil pH influences dispersivity,
it is usually relatively constant within a site, and…
and thus control soil macroaggregate formation and stability. Although soil pH influences dispersivity,
it is usually relatively constant within a site, and…
Quantitative Problem Solving in Natural Resources
This text is intended to support courses that bridge the divide between mathematics typically encountered in U.S. high school curricula and the practical problems that natural resource students might engage with in their disciplinary coursework and…
University Physics I: Classical Mechanics
This is a “minimalist” textbook for a first semester of university, calculus-based physics, covering classical mechanics (including one chapter on mechanical waves, but excluding fluids), plus a brief introduction to thermodynamics. The presentation…
Astronomy for Educators
Astronomy for Educators provides new and accomplished K-12 instructors with concepts and projects for low-cost, high-impact STEM classroom instruction that is built around the National Academies National Research Council's K-12 Framework for Science…
Magnetic Records of Extreme Geological Events
Life on Earth was punctuated by several dramatic paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic changes leading to mass extinction linked to continental flood basalts (CFBs) and large igneous provinces (LIPs), global oceanic anoxic events (OAE), rapid climate…
The Insecticidal Bacterial Toxins in Modern Agriculture
Agriculture has suffered enormous changes since the first human attempts to domesticate plants to obtain productive varieties which could become a constant source of food. Many developments have shaped current agricultural systems, especially those…
Nitrification in Fixed Bed Reactors Treating Saline Wastewater
Two fixed bed reactors for nitrification with either polyethylene/clay sinter lamellas (FBR A) or porous ceramic rings (FBR B) were continously run for treating synthetic saline wastewater. Seawater from Hafen Büsum was used as an inoculums. The…
Advanced Numerical Methods in Applied Sciences
The generalized Schur algorithm (GSA) allows computing well-known matrix decompositions,
such as QR and LU factorizations [1]. In particular, if the involved matrix is structured, i.e., Toeplitz, block-Toeplitz or Sylvester, the GSA computes the R…
such as QR and LU factorizations [1]. In particular, if the involved matrix is structured, i.e., Toeplitz, block-Toeplitz or Sylvester, the GSA computes the R…
Agrobacterium biology and its application to transgenic plant production
The broad host range pathogenic bacterium
Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been widely studied
as a model system to understand horizontal gene
flow, secretion of effector proteins into host cells,
and plant-pathogen interactions. Agrobacterium…
Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been widely studied
as a model system to understand horizontal gene
flow, secretion of effector proteins into host cells,
and plant-pathogen interactions. Agrobacterium…
Systems Biology Approaches to Understanding the Cause and Treatment of Heart, Lung, Blood, and Sleep Disorders
Development of powerful new highthroughput
technologies for probing the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome is driving the rapid
acquisition of information on the function of molecular systems. The importance of these
achievements cannot be…
technologies for probing the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome is driving the rapid
acquisition of information on the function of molecular systems. The importance of these
achievements cannot be…
Demystifying Climate Models: A Users Guide to Earth System Models
The book series Earth Systems Data and Models publishes state-of-the-art research and technologies aimed at understanding processes and interactions in the earth system. A special emphasis is given to theory, methods, and tools used in earth,…
Bacterial Exotoxins: how bacteria fight the immune system
Bacterial pathogenicity factors are
functionally diverse. They may facilitate
the adhesion and colonization of bacteria,
influence the host immune response,
assist spreading of the bacterium by e.g.
evading recognition by immune cells, or
allow…
functionally diverse. They may facilitate
the adhesion and colonization of bacteria,
influence the host immune response,
assist spreading of the bacterium by e.g.
evading recognition by immune cells, or
allow…
Bacterial pathogens in the non-clinical environment
When thinking about bacterial pathogens, most will consider their interaction with humans. Nevertheless,
many pathogens affecting humans will not be transmitted directly from one individual to
another but will rather come from or transit through the…
many pathogens affecting humans will not be transmitted directly from one individual to
another but will rather come from or transit through the…
B-Vitamins and One-Carbon Metabolism
Folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and riboflavin play a key role as coenzymes in one-carbon metabolism which, in turn, is essential for a broad range of fundamental physiological processes, including RNA and DNA synthesis, cell division, tissue growth…
Conceptual Physics.
Even before history began, people must already have noticed certain facts about the sky. The sun and moon both rise in the east and set in the west. Another fact that can be settled to a fair degree of accuracy using the naked eye is that the…
The Adventure of Physics
Volume VI . The Strand Model –
A Speculation on Unification
Look at what happens around us. A child that smiles, a nightingale that sings, aily that opens: all move. Every shadow, even an immobile one, is due to moving
ight. Every mountain is kept in place by moving electrons. Every star owes its formation…
ight. Every mountain is kept in place by moving electrons. Every star owes its formation…
Well seismic surveying and acoustic logging
In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations for geotechnical, hydrogeological…
Seismic Imaging. A practical approach
In the geophysics of oil exploration and reservoir studies, the surface seismic method is the most commonly used method to obtain a subsurface model in 2 or 3 dimensions. This method plays an increasingly important role in soil investigations…
Introduction to Louis Michel’s lattice geometry through group action
This chapter describes the outline of the book and explains the interrelations between different chapters and appendices. The specificity of this book is an intensive use of group action ideas and terminology when discussing physical and mathematical…
Nuclear physics for cultural heritage
The importance of cultural heritage for mankind
was once well expressed by the Austrian artist
Friedensreich Hundertwasser (1928-2000) when
he said: “If we do not honour our past we lose our future. If we destroy our roots we cannot grow.” This…
was once well expressed by the Austrian artist
Friedensreich Hundertwasser (1928-2000) when
he said: “If we do not honour our past we lose our future. If we destroy our roots we cannot grow.” This…
Earth's climate response to a changing Sun
The Earth’s atmosphere, the thin envelope of air that surrounds our planet, consists of a mixture of gases, extending from the surface of the Earth to the edge of
space and tied to the Earth mainly by its gravitational force, and partly by the…
space and tied to the Earth mainly by its gravitational force, and partly by the…
An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers
This book, which presupposes familiarity only with the most elementary concepts of arithmetic (divisibility properties, greatest common divisor, etc.), is an expanded version of a series of lectures for graduate students on elementary number theory.…
Quantitative Ecology: A New Unified Approach
Quantitative Ecology introduces and discusses the principles of ecology from populations to ecosystems including human populations, disease, exotic organisms, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity and global dynamics. The book also reformulates and…
Statistical Thinking for the 21st Century
Statistical thinking is a way of understanding a complex world by describing it in relatively simple terms that nonetheless capture essential aspects of its structure, and that also provide us some idea of how uncertain we are about our knowledge.…
Introduction to Financial Mathematics Concepts and Computational Methods
Introduction to Financial Mathematics: Concepts and Computational Methods serves as a primer in financial mathematics with a focus on conceptual understanding of models and problem solving. It includes the mathematical background needed for risk…
Tea Time Numerical Analysis
Numerical methods are designed to approximate one thing or another. Sometimes roots, sometimes derivatives or definite integrals, or curves, or solutions of differential equations. As numerical methods produce only approximations to these things, it…
Geometry with an Introduction to Cosmic Topology
Motivated by questions in cosmology, the open-content text Geometry with an Introduction to Cosmic Topology uses Mobius transformations to develop hyperbolic, elliptic, and Euclidean geometry - three possibilities for the global geometry of the…
Unfolding the Mystery of Life, Biology Lab Manual for Non-Science Majors
This laboratory manual is intended for use in a biology laboratory course taken by non-science majors, pre-biology, and pre-allied health majors. Laboratory exercises provide students with experience in basic laboratory skills, gathering and…
Teaching Mathematics at Secondary Level
Teaching Mathematics is nothing less than a mathematical manifesto. Arising in response to a limited National Curriculum, and engaged with secondary schooling for those aged 11 ̶ 14 (Key Stage 3) in particular, this handbook for teachers will help…
Introduction to Oceanography
There are many reasons why people study oceanography. An understanding of ocean processes is obviously vital to oceanographers, marine biologists, or environmental scientists. However, there are numerous other scientific fields where the oceans play…
The Essence of Mathematics Through Elementary Problems
The Essence of Mathematics consists of a sequence of 270 problems – with commentary and full solutions. The reader is assumed to have a reasonable grasp of school mathematics. More importantly, s/he should want to understand something of mathematics…
Virtuous Waters : Mineral Springs, Bathing, and Infrastructure in Mexico
Virtuous Waters is a pathbreaking and innovative study of bathing, drinking and other everyday engagements with a wide range of waters across five centuries in Mexico. Casey Walsh uses political ecology to bring together an analysis of shifting…
Mountain, Water, Rock, God . Understanding Kedarnath in the Twenty-First Century
In Mountain, Water, Rock, God, Luke Whitmore situates the disastrous flooding that fell on the Hindu Himalayan shrine of Kedarnath in 2013 within a broader religious and ecological context. Whitmore explores the longer story of this powerful realm of…
Thermodynamics and Chemistry
Thermodynamics and Chemistry is designed primarily as a textbook for a one-semester course in classical chemical thermodynamics at the graduate or undergraduate level. It can also serve as a supplementary text and thermodynamics reference source.
BUSINESS MATH: A Step-By-Step Handbook
Business Mathematics was written to meet the needs of a twenty-first century student. It takes a systematic approach to helping students learn how to think and centers on a structured process termed the PUPP Model (Plan, Understand, Perform, and…
First Semester in Numerical Analysis with Julia
First Semester in Numerical Analysis with Julia presents the theory and methods, together with the implementation of the algorithms using the Julia programming language (version 1.1.0). The book covers computer arithmetic, root-finding, numerical…
An Introduction to Psychological Statistics
We are constantly bombarded by information, and finding a way to filter that information in an objective way is crucial to surviving this onslaught with your sanity intact. This is what statistics, and logic we use in it, enables us to do. Through…
Adult Literacy Fundamentals Mathematics: Book 1
This is book one in a six-book series on fundamental mathematics for adult learners. These books include glossaries, self tests, practice requests, grades records, and unit tests. Ancillary Resources include the Instructor's Manual.
Mechanics
This is a calculus-based book meant for the first semester of a first year survey course taken by engineering and physical science majors. It has a traditional order of topics whereby force is discussed before energy. It is divided into 17 chapters…
Mathematics for Elementary Teachers
This book will help you to understand elementary mathematics more deeply, gain facility with creating and using mathematical notation, develop a habit of looking for reasons and creating mathematical explanations, and become more comfortable…
GENERAL BIOLOGY II: SURVEY OF MOLECULAR
LIFE AND GENETICS
BI102A is a survey course that introduces the discipline of molecular biology and genetics, exploring topics including cell division, protein production, inheritance and gene regulation. This book focuses on putting those topics into an appropriate…
General Biology I
BI101 Course Description: Adaptations of BI101 vary in theme. BI101A is a survey course that
introduces the discipline of cellular biology, exploring topics including the cellular basis of life, cell
structure and function and the metabolic…
introduces the discipline of cellular biology, exploring topics including the cellular basis of life, cell
structure and function and the metabolic…
Slurry Transport: Fundamentals, A Historical Overview & The Delft Head Loss & Limit Deposit Velocity Framework 2nd Edition
In dredging, the hydraulic transport of solids is one of the most important processes. Since the 50’s many researchers have tried to create a physical mathematical model in order to predict the head losses in slurry transport. One can think of the…
World Regional Geography: People, Places and Globalization
World Regional Geography: People, Places and Globalization is designed for students to experience and study as much of the world as possible within a limited amount of time. It gives students the fundamental concepts and the latest data regarding…
Environmental Biology
Environmental Biology is a free and open textbook that enables students to develop a nuanced
understanding of today’s most pressing environmental issues. This text helps students grasp the scientific
foundation of environmental topics so they can…
understanding of today’s most pressing environmental issues. This text helps students grasp the scientific
foundation of environmental topics so they can…
Linear Regression Using R: An Introduction to Data Modeling
Linear Regression Using R: An Introduction to Data Modeling presents one of the fundamental data modeling techniques in an informal tutorial style. Learn how to predict system outputs from measured data using a detailed step-by-step process to…
Prealgebra
Prealgebra is designed to meet scope and sequence requirements for a one-semester prealgebra course. The book’s organization makes it easy to adapt to a variety of course syllabi. The text introduces the fundamental concepts of algebra while…
Topics in Applied Mathematics
The concepts and basic topics in elementary Linear Algebra and Calculus are reviewed and generalized to Linear Analysis in this first unit. In particular, the dot product, the vector space of R 2(that is, the x − y plane in Plane Geometry), and…
An Introductory Course in Elementary Number Theory
Integers are the building blocks of the theory of numbers. This chapter contains somewhat very simple and obvious observations starting with properties of integers and yet the proofs behind those observations are not as simple. In this chapter
we…
we…
Linear Algebra with Applications. Open Edition
This textbook is an introduction to the ideas and techniques of linear algebra for first- or second-year
students with a working knowledge of high school algebra. The contents have enough flexibility to present
a traditional introduction to the…
students with a working knowledge of high school algebra. The contents have enough flexibility to present
a traditional introduction to the…
Linear Algebra, Theory And Applications
This is a book on linear algebra and matrix theory. While it is self contained, it will work best for those who have already had some exposure to linear algebra. It is also assumed that the reader has had calculus. Some optional topics require more…
Mathematical Analysis. Volume I
This text is an outgrowth of lectures given at the University of Windsor, Canada. One of our main objectives is updating the undergraduate analysis as a rigorous postcalculus course. While such excellent books as Dieudonn´e’s Foundations of Modern…
Elementary Linear Algebra
This is an introduction to linear algebra. The main part of the book features row operations and everything is done in terms of the row reduced echelon form and specific algorithms. At the end, the more abstract notions of vector spaces and linear…
APEX Pre Calculus
This text was written as a prequel to the APEXCalculus series, a three–volume series on Calculus. This text is not intended to fully prepare students with all of the mathematical knowledge they need to tackle Calculus, rather it is de-signed to…
Quantum description of light, Part 2
In this lecture, the professor discussed fluctuations and noise, and the single photon.
Quantum description of light, Part 1
In this lecture, the professor discussed single mode light, thermal states, coherent states
Introduction to Atomic Physics
This lecture provides a general overview of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) physics.
An Introduction to Matlab and Mathcad
This textbook, or really a “coursebook” for a college freshman-level class, has been updated for Spring 2014 and provides an introduction to programming and problem solving using both Matlab and Mathcad. We provide a balanced selection of…
Fundamentals of Matrix Algebra
A college (or advanced high school) level text dealing with the basic principles of matrix and linear algebra. It covers solving systems of linear equations, matrix arithmetic, the determinant, eigenvalues, and linear transformations. Numerous…
College Physics for AP® Courses
The AP Physics Collection is a free, turnkey solution for your AP® Physics course, brought to you through a collaboration between OpenStax and Rice Online Learning. The integrated collection features the OpenStax College Physics for AP® Courses text,…
GRADE 12 PHYSICAL SCIENCES.
VERSION 1 CAPS
This book deals with the physical sciences - physics and chemistry. All the sciences are based in the use of
experiment and testing to understand the world around us better. The scientific method requires us to constantly re-examine our…
experiment and testing to understand the world around us better. The scientific method requires us to constantly re-examine our…
GRADE 11 PHYSICAL SCIENCES.
VERSION 1 CAPS
In grade 10 you learnt about vectors in one dimension. Now we will take these concepts further and learn about vectors in two dimensions as well as components of vectors. As a very short recap, a vector has both a magnitude and a direction. There are…
Everything Science : Grade 10 Physical Science.
Version 1 – CAPS
In the physical sciences there are many skills that you need to learn. These include working with units, basic mathematics skills and laboratory skills. In this chapter we will revise some of these skills that you should know before starting to study…
Microbiology
Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features…
Algebra and Mathematics. Explained with easy to understand 3D animations.
Explains variables, systems of equations, Cartesian coordinates, and many other concepts. Fun and educational for all ages.
Properties and Chemistry of Benzene | Chemistry for All | The Fuse School
This video is part of 'Chemistry for All' - a Chemistry Education project by our Charity Fuse Foundation - the organisation behind The Fuse School. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find our other Chemistry…
Trigonometry
This trigonometry textbook is different than other trigonometry books in that it is free to download, and the reader is expected to do more than read the book and is expected to study the material in the book by working out examples rather than just…
Precalculus
From the preface, "These are notes for a course in precalculus, as it is taught at New York City College of Technology - CUNY (where it is offered under the course number MAT 1375). Our approach is calculator based. For this, we will use the…
Elementary Differential Equations
Elementary Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems is written for students in science, engineering, and mathematics who have completed calculus through partial differentiation. If your syllabus includes Chapter 10 (Linear Systems of…
Applied Calculus
Calculus was first developed more than three hundred years ago by Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz to help them describe and understand the rules overning the motion of planets and moons. Since then, thousands of other men and women have…
Basic Arithmetic Workbook
This workbook was created through the efforts of three instructors at Scottsdale Community College in Scottsdale, Arizona, has been used by thousands of students, and is continually improved. This workbook contains have lessons that were carefully…
Contemporary Calculus I . For the students
This is a textbook for differential calculus with explanations, examples, worked solutions, problem sets and answers. It has been reviewed by calculus instructors and class-tested by them and the author.
Topics are typically introduced by way of…
Topics are typically introduced by way of…
Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology
The average introductory geology student’s perception of geology normally involves the memorization of rocks and discussions of natural disasters, but Geology contains so much more. Geology is the study of our planet, which is vital to our everyday…
Solving Linear Equations - Basic Algebra Shortcut Tricks!
This algebra video tutorial shows you how to solve linear equations that contain fractions and variables on both sides of the equation. This video contains plenty of examples and practice problems for you to work on.
Chemistry: Atoms First 2e
Chemistry: Atoms First 2e is a peer-reviewed, openly licensed introductory textbook produced through a collaborative publishing partnership between OpenStax and the University of Connecticut and UConn Undergraduate Student Government Association.…
Chemistry 2e
Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts…
Linear Regression Using R: An Introduction to Data Modeling
Linear Regression Using R: An Introduction to Data Modeling presents one of the fundamental data modeling techniques in an informal tutorial style. Learn how to predict system outputs from measured data using a detailed step-by-step process to…
Trigonometry
This trigonometry textbook is different than other trigonometry books in that it is free to download, and the reader is expected to do more than read the book and is expected to study the material in the book by working out examples rather than just…
Ordinary Differential Equations
This book consists of ten weeks of material given as a course on ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for second year mathematics majors at the University of Bristol. It is the first course devoted solely to differential equations that these…
Linear Algebra
We believe the entire book can be taught in twenty five 50-minute lectures to a sophomore audience that has been exposed to a one year calculus course. Vector calculus is useful, but not necessary preparation for this book, which attempts to be…
Lies, Damned Lies, or Statistics: How to Tell the Truth with Statistics
Mathematical definitions should be perfectly precise because they do not describe something which is observed out there in the world, since such descriptive definitions might have fuzzy edges. In biology, for example, whether a virus is considered…
Precalculus
Precalculus is adaptable and designed to fit the needs of a variety of precalculus courses. It is a comprehensive text that covers more ground than a typical one- or two-semester college-level precalculus course. The content is organized by…
Statistics Using Technology
You are exposed to statistics regularly. If you are a sports fan, then you have the statistics for your favorite player. If you are interested in politics, then you look at the polls to see how people feel about certain issues or candidates. If you…
Elementary Algebra Textbook
The Mayans used arithmetic to make astronomical computations, and developed the concept of zero over 2,000 years ago. The word “arithmetic” is derived from the Greek word arithmos (translated as
“number”). It is the oldest and most elementary branch…
“number”). It is the oldest and most elementary branch…
LINEAR ALGEBRA
This book helps students to master the material of a standard US undergraduate first course in Linear Algebra. The material is standard in that the subjects covered are Gaussian reduction, vector spaces, linear maps, determinants, and eigenvalues and…
Elementary Differential Equations
In order to apply mathematical methods to a physical or “real life” problem, we must formulate the problem in mathematical terms; that is, we must construct a mathematical model for the problem. Many
physical problems concern relationships between…
physical problems concern relationships between…
Laboratory Exercises in Microbiology: Discovering the Unseen World Through Hands-On Investigation
The exercises in this laboratory manual are designed to engage students in hand-on activities that reinforce their understanding of the microbial world. Topics covered include: staining and microscopy, metabolic testing, physical and chemical control…
Human Biology
This textbook has been created with several goals in mind: accessibility, customization, and student engagement—all while encouraging students toward high levels of academic scholarship. Students will find that this textbook offers a strong…
BASIC CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
3e: WHAT WE KNOW AND HOW WE
FOUND OUT
A grasp of the logic and practice of science is essential to understand the rest of the world around us. To that end, the CMB3e iText (like earlier editions) remains focused on experimental support for what we know about cell and molecular biology,…
Biology 2e
Biology is a science, but what exactly is science? What does the study of biology share with other scientific
disciplines? We can define science (from the Latin scientia, meaning “knowledge”) as knowledge that covers general truths or the operation…
disciplines? We can define science (from the Latin scientia, meaning “knowledge”) as knowledge that covers general truths or the operation…
Biology for AP® Courses
Biology for AP® Courses covers the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester Advanced Placement® biology course. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens.…
Anatomy & Physiology
Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body’s structures. Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the assistance of a microscope. Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and…
Concepts of Biology
Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is…
A First Course in LINEAR ALGEBRA an Open Text
A First Course in Linear Algebra presents an introduction to the fascinating subject of linear algebra for students who have a reasonable understanding of basic algebra. Major topics of linear algebra are presented in detail, with proofs of important…
Analytical Chemistry 2.1
Chemistry is the study of matter, including its composition, its structure, its physical properties,
and its reactivity. Although there are many ways to study chemistry, traditionally we divide it into ve areas: organic chemistry, inorganic…
and its reactivity. Although there are many ways to study chemistry, traditionally we divide it into ve areas: organic chemistry, inorganic…
Elementary Algebra
Elementary Algebra is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license, which means that you can distribute, remix, and build upon the content, as long as you provide attribution to OpenStax and its content…
College Algebra
It’s a cold day in Antarctica. In fact, it’s always a cold day in Antarctica. Earth’s southernmost continent, Antarctica experiences the coldest, driest, and windiest conditions known. The coldest temperature ever recorded, over one hundred degrees…
ACTIVE CALCULUS
In Active Calculus, we endeavor to actively engage students in learning the subject through an activity-driven approach in which the vast majority of the examples are completed by students. Where many texts present a general theory of calculus…
Calculus
Gilbert Strang's clear, direct style and detailed, intensive explanations make this textbook ideal as both a course companion and for self-study. Single variable and multivariable calculus are covered in depth. Key examples of the application of…
Physical Science Laboratory
Investigations
For many people, it is difficult in today’s world to make a guess. People tend to prefer to look up the answer rather than use experience to attempt an answer. However, scientific theories and laws often begin with a guess based on logic and…
General Biology : Bisoci 100 manual Laboratory
The purpose of creating this custom lab manual for BioSci 100 was to provide our students with a high quality, low cost learning resource. This project would not have
been possible without the dedication and commitment of the faculty and staff in…
been possible without the dedication and commitment of the faculty and staff in…
Microbiology
Welcome to the wonderful world of microbiology! Yay! So. What is microbiology? If we break the
word down it translates to “the study of small life,” where the small life refers to microorganisms or
microbes. But who are the microbes? And how small…
word down it translates to “the study of small life,” where the small life refers to microorganisms or
microbes. But who are the microbes? And how small…
The Adventure of Physics - Vol. VI: The Strand Model - A Speculation on Unification
his book is written for anybody who is intensely curious about nature and motion. Have you ever asked: Why do people, animals, things, images and empty space move? The answer leads to many adventures, and this book presents one of the best of them:…
The Adventure of Physics - Vol. V: Motion Inside Matter - Pleasure, Technology, and Stars
This book is written for anybody who is curious about nature and motion. Curiosity about how bodies, images and empty space move leads to many adventures. This volume presents the best adventures about the motion inside people, inside animals, and…
The Adventure of Physics - Vol. III: Light, Charges, and Brains
This book is written for anybody who is curious about nature and motion. Curiosity about how people, animals, things, images and space move leads to many adventures. This volume presents the adventures one encounters when exploring everything…